behaviour that deviates from these norms is abnormal
abnormal - whatever violates social norms
what does the definition of deviation from social norms allow?
a distinction between desirable & undesirable behaviours
social deviants - people who behaveundesirably
explain how tourette's is abnormal using the deviation from social norms definition?
swearing in public
breaks the unwritten rule
seen as an undesirable behaviour
will be considered social deviants
explain failure to function adequately?
perceives individuals as abnormal when the behaviour shows they cannot cope with everyday life (ftfa)
what characteristics were related to ftfa did rosenhan & seligman identify?
maladaptive - interference to keep normal daily routine
unpredictable & uncontrolled behaviour
observer feels discomfort when seeing this behaviour
irrational behaviour
explain how depression is abnormal using the ftfa defintion?
a person may be unable to get out of bed in the morning & will be unable to maintain a normal pattern of behaviour meaning they cannot function adequately
explain deviation from ideal mental health? (imh)
perceives abnormality as the absence of wellbeing
what did marie jahoda identify were the 5 main features of ideal mental health?
self actualisation
ability to resist stress
have a positive self esteem & strong sense of identity
accurate perception of reality
mastery of the environment
explain how autism is abnormal using the imh definition?
mastery of environment is missing as change is not coped with well as individuals thrive when there is a structure of routine
a disruption may cause emotional distress
explain statistical deviation/infrequency?
behaviour is abnormal if it falls outside of the range that is typical for most people
explain how anorexia/obesity is abnormal using the stat deviation definition?
causes people'sweight to be lower/higher than the majority, this makes their weight unusual/infrequent
X of deviation from social norms?
ignores role of context
social norms change over time
culturally relative
X of failure to function adequately?
not always accompanied by dysfunction
ignores role of context
culturally relative
X of deviation from ideal mental health?
over demanding criteria
criteriachanges over time
culturally relative
X for statistical deviation?
not all unusual characteristics are negative
not everyone benefits from a label
* real life application for statistical deviation?
docs can identifyseverity of disorders
seeing how statisticallyinfrequent their symptoms are & treat it accordingly
valid
able to have a positiveimpact on patient's lives & society
ignores role of context X for dsn?
surgeon may wash hands several times a day,
if this was an ordinary person it would be considered deviating from social norms so labelled abnormal
? valid
may falsely label a person as abnormal when they are actually not
leads to misdiagnosis & receiving unnecessary treatments
social norms change over time X for dsn?
homosexuality was abnormal in 1900s
but now not seen as an abnormality
? temporal
cannot classify someone as being abnormal & guarantee they actually are in todayssociety as attitudesconstantlychange over time
means our approach to defining mentalillness is out of date
cultural relativity X for dsn?
social norms vary within cultures so difficult to know when being broken
sleeping during day may be sign of depression
in spain have siestas - midday nap - their socialnorm
? population
cannot be generalised to other cultures
someone may be defined as abnormal in one culture but normal in another
X not always being accompanied by dysfunction for ftfa?
harold shipman killed 215 people over 23 yrs
maintained outward apperance of a respectable member of his profession & went undetected due to his ability to appear normal
? valid
may define abnormal people as normal as can go about their normal day
meaning person will be misdiagnosed for psychotic behaviour
may go untreated/not convicted - has implications on legal system
ignores role of context X for ftfa?
are times in people's lives when its normal to suffer from distress
grieving is normal & may display maladaptive behaviour does not mean person is abnormal
? valid
can falselylabel those who are going through stressful time when are actually normal
may be unnecessarily given treatment
cultural relativity X for ftfa?
what is considered to be normal functioningvaries from culture to culture
e.g sleeping in the daytime in britain would be abnormal but in spain its normal
? population
cannot be generalised to differentcountries & culture whose normalfunctioning is different to ours
over demanding criteria X for dimh?
most people do not meet all the ideals
teensstruggle to achieve self actualisation as are not given chance/opportunity
? valid
can label people who are mentally healthy & normal as abnormal
high % of people would be falsely labelled abnormal
criteria changes over time X for dimh?
perception of reality aspect of ideal m.h changes overtime
in 13th century europe seeing visions was + sign of religious committment
now would be seen as sign of schizophrenia
? temporal
doesn't account for changes in perceptions of imh so could label someone as abnormal in today's society who is found to be normal in the future
culturally relative X of dimh?
criteria used to judge ideal m.h are subjective to cultural relativism
should not be used to judge others of different cultures
? population
cannot be used to accuratelyidentifyabnormalitycrossculturally
cannot be generalised to widerpopulation
X not all unusual characteristics are negative for sd?
having high iq may deviate from stat norm
but is not undesirable feature
is actually useful for that person & for others as their knowledge can positively contribute to society
? valid
can label those with desirable characteristics as abnormal since its infrequent
X not everyone unusual benefits from a label for sd?
those with dwarfism may not respond well to being labelled abnormal since their height is not same as stat average
? valid
ignores fact that unusual characteristics don't define person's ability to function in everyday life
could unnecessarily impact mental health & well being