List

• What type of container is a list in STL?

  A sequential container
• What memory allocation does a list allow?

  Non-contiguous memory allocation
• What data structure does a list implement?

  Doubly linked list
• What is each element in a list called?

  Node
• What is the structure of a node in a doubly linked list?

  • Previous Pointer
  • Data
  • Next Pointer
• What must be included in the header section to use a list?

  #include <list>
• How do you declare a list in C++?

  list<dataType> listName;
• How do you create a list with initial values in C++?

  • list<int> num = {1, 2, 3, 4, 5};
  • list<string> names;
• What does the .front() function do in a list?

  Returns the first element of a list
• What does the .back() function do in a list?

  Returns the last element of a list
• What do iterators .begin() and .end() do in a list?

  Access and traverse the list content
• What does .begin() point to in a list?

  First element of the list
• What does .end() point to in a list?

  Pointer after the last element
• What will cout << num.front(); display if num = {1, 2, 3, 4, 5}?

  1
• What will cout << num.back(); display if num = {1, 2, 3, 4, 5}?

  5
• How can you display all elements in a list using a range-based for loop?

  for(int n : num)
• Why can't a STL list be accessed using index [] or .at() function?

  It does not support random access
• What is the purpose of the abs() function in the context of a list?

  To get the absolute value of a number
• What does num.front() = -1; do to the list num = {1, 2, 3, 4, 5}?

  Changes first element to -1
• What does num.back() = -5; do to the list num = {1, 2, 3, 4, 5}?

  Changes last element to -5
• How do you add an element to the front of a list?

  Using .push_front()
• What does num.push_front(1); do?

  Adds 1 to the front of the list
• How do you add an element to the end of a list?

  Using .push_back()
• What does num.push_back(5); do?

  Adds 5 to the end of the list
• What is the purpose of the .insert() function?

  Adds multiple elements at different positions
• What is the syntax for the .insert() function?

  listName.insert(position, value);
• What does num.insert(num.begin(), 0); do?

  Adds 0 to the front of the list
• What does num.insert(num.end(), 6); do?

  Adds 6 to the end of the list
• What does num.insert(pos, 3); do if pos points to element 4?

  Adds 3 before element 4
• What does num.insert(pos, {3, 4}); do if pos points to element 6?

  Adds 3 and 4 before element 6
• What does the .pop_front() function do?

  Removes the first element of a list
• What does num.pop_front(); do if num = {1, 2, 3, 4, 5}?

  Removes the first element
• What does the .pop_back() function do?

  Removes the last element of a list
• What does num.pop_back(); do if num = {1, 2, 3, 4, 5}?

  Removes the last element
• What is the purpose of the .erase() function?

  Removes a single element or range of elements
• What is the syntax for the .erase() function?

  listName.erase(position);
• What does num.erase(num.begin()); do?

  Removes the first element from the list
• What does num.erase(pos); do if pos points to the last element?

  Removes the last element from the list
• What does num.erase(num.begin(), num.end()); do?

  Removes all elements from the list
• What are the key functions for modifying a list in STL?

  • .push_front() - Adds to front
  • .push_back() - Adds to end
  • .insert() - Adds at specific position
  • .pop_front() - Removes from front
  • .pop_back() - Removes from end
  • .erase() - Removes specific elements