lesson 2

• uinvolve situations where populations suffer  significant casualties as a result of war, civil strife, or other political conflict

  complex emergencies
• large   number   of   people,   property,  community  infrastructure, and  economic   welfare  are  directly   and  adversely affected by major industrial accident, unplanned release  of   nuclear   energy   and   fires   or   explosions   from   hazardous  substances such as fuel, chemicals, or nuclear materials

  technologic emergencies
• is a catastrophic event that results in casualties that overwhelm the health care resources in that community

  medical disater
• 3 Identified human actions that leads to disaster

  complex emergencies, technologic emergencies, medical disaster
• addresses the problems posed by various potential vents, ranging in scale,  from mass casualty incidents

  disaster planning
• types of disaster planning

  1. agent specific approach
  2. all hazards approach
• it’s a planning type that focuses on the preparedness on most likely threats to occur based on their geographic location

  agent specific approach
• is   a   conceptual   model   for   disaster   preparedness   that   incorporates  disaster management components that are consistent across all major  types   of   disaster   events   to   maximize   resources,   expenditures   and  planning efforts 

  all hazards approach
• administrative   measures   that   identify,   acquire,   and   plan   the   use   of  resources   need   to   acquire   and   plan   the   use   of   resources   need   to  anticipate, prevent, and or resolve a threat to public health and safety.

  crisis/crisis management
• Is a process which places the right patient in the right place at the right time to receive the right level of care

  triage
• The word triage is derived from the French word _____,   which means ______

  trier, to sort or to choose
• requires   the   cooperative   efforts   of   the  hospital,   community   agencies   and local government

  disaster planning
• 3 types of advanced planning activities

  1. strategic planning
  2. contingency planning
  3. forward planning
• These   are   planning   activities   that   focus   on   preparing   the  organization for any type of threat. This is commonly referred to as  the all hazards approach

  strategic planning
• These are planning activities related to  a site-specific threat that may occur at any time

  contingency planning
• These   are   planning   activities   to   a   known   imminent   disaster

  Ex: a pending tropical storm or major concert

  forward planning
• Occurs   when   there   is   an   event   within   the   facility   that   poses   a   threat   to  disrupt   the   environment   of   care

  internal disaster
• becomes a problem for a facility when the consequences of the event that  creates   a   demand   for   services   that exceed   the   usual   available  resources

  external disaster
• if the organization, agency or community is able to contain the  event and respond immediately

  level 1
• if  the disaster  requires assistance   from external   sources,  but  these can be obtained from nearby agencies

  level 2
• if the disaster is of a magnitude that exceeds the capacity of the  local community or region and requires assistance form national level

  level 3
• 5 Phases of Disaster Management Programs

  1. preparedness/risk assessment
  2. mitigation
  3. recovery
  4. evaluation
• Evaluates the facility’s vulnerability or preparedness for disasters. Issues  to   consider   include   weather   patterns,   geographic   locations, expectations related to public events and gatherings, age, condition,  and location of the facility

  preparedness/risk assessment
• Steps  that are taken to lessen the impact of as disaster should one  occur and can be considered as prevention measures. Installing and maintaining backup generators to mitigate the effects of power failure. Cross training staff to perform tasks to  maintain   services   during   staffing   crisis   that   is   due   to   weather  emergency.

  mitigation
• Once   the   incident   is   over,   the   organization   and   staffs   need   to  recover. Invariably, services have been disrupted and it takes time  to return to routine

  recovery
• After a disaster, employees of the community are anxious to return to usual operations. It is essential that a formal evaluation be done to determine what went well and what problems  were identified

  evaluation
• It is an emergency management system that is comprised of specific disaster  response functional role positions within a hierarchical organization chart.

  hospital incident command system (hics)
• There   is   one   incident   commander.   This   individual   has   overall responsibility for the management of the incident and the employees  know who report to them and to whom they report

  predictable, responsibility oriented chain of command
• All agencies utilizing ICS use the same titles and functional roles for the command staff positions

  use of common nomenclature
• fire

  code red
• adult CP arrest

  code blue
• pediatric CP arrest

  code baby blue
• security

  code tango
• doctors and nurses

  code white
• end of disaster

  code green
• Only those portions of the system that are needed for the response are activated

  modular, flexible organization
• This allows all agencies involved in the response to coordinate efforts  by establishing a unified set of incident objectives and strategies incident Action Plan (IAP)

  unified command structure
• This is a plan that is developed when multiple agencies are involved in the disaster response

  unified command structure
• describes the purpose, goals and objectives for the  hospital’s  response.

  facility action plan
• Each person reports to only one individual

  unity of command