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• The Theory of Multiple Intelligences was created by Dr. Howard Gardner in 1983

  
• Gardner's theory


  Places an emphasis on the idea that the traditional understanding of intelligence by means of IQ testing is far too limited
• Eight different types of intelligences

  • Logical/Mathematical
  • Linguistic
  • Musical
  • Spatial
  • Bodily-Kinesthetic
  • Naturalist
  • Interpersonal
  • Intrapersonal
• Intelligence (as defined by Gardner)


  The ability to solve problems or fashion products that are valuable in one or more cultural settings
• Each person may have different multiple intelligences, and everyone can possess more than one of them
• Verbal/Linguistic Intelligence


  Ability to use words and language. These learners have highly developed auditory skills and are generally elegant speakers. They think in words rather than pictures.
• Verbal/Linguistic Intelligence


  • Learn better by reading, memorizing, playing word games, using the internet
• Logical/Mathematical Intelligence


  Ability to use reason, logic and numbers. These learners think conceptually in logical and numerical patterns making connections between pieces of information. Always curious about the world around them, these learners ask lots of questions and like to do experiments.
• Logical/Mathematical Intelligence


  • Learn better by recording information systematically, playing strategy games, analyzing data, asking logical questions, using the internet
• Bodily/Kinesthetic Intelligence


  Ability to control body movements and handle objects skillfully. These learners express themselves through movement. They have a good sense of balance and eye-hand co-ordination.
• Bodily/Kinesthetic Intelligence


  • Learn better by doing role plays, exercising while reviewing, visiting museums/institutions/parks, asking logical questions, using the internet
• Visual/Spatial Intelligence


  Ability to perceive the visual. These learners tend to think in pictures and need to create vivid mental images to retain information. They enjoy looking at maps, charts, pictures, videos, and movies.
• Visual/Spatial Intelligence


  • Learn better by studying pictures, watching videos, using visual/tangible aids, doing mazes/puzzles, making predictions, using the internet
• Musical Intelligence


  Ability to produce and appreciate music. These musically inclined learners think in sounds, rhythms and patterns. They immediately respond to music either appreciating or criticizing what they hear.
• Musical Intelligence


  • Learn better by listening to recordings, talking to yourself, making up songs, mentally repeating information, reading aloud, changing tempo
• Interpersonal Intelligence


  Ability to relate and understand others. These learners try to see things from other people's point of view in order to understand how they think and feel. They often have an uncanny ability to sense feelings, intentions and motivations.
• Interpersonal Intelligence


  • Learn better by studying in groups, comparing information with others, interviewing experts, relating personal experiences, doing cooperative projects
• Intrapersonal Intelligence


  Ability to self-reflect and be aware of one's inner state of being. These learners try to understand their inner feelings, dreams, relationships with others, and strengths and weaknesses.
• Intrapersonal Intelligence


  • Learn better by avoiding distractions, establishing personal goals, working alone, relating personal experiences
• Naturalist Intelligence


  Abilities to recognize plants and animals, to make distinctions in the natural world, to understand systems and define categories
• Naturalist Intelligence


  • Learn better by studying outside, learning in the presence of plants & pets, relating environmental issues to topics, smelling/seeing/touching/tasting, observing natural phenomenon
• Traditional View of Intelligence

  • Intelligence can be measured by short-answer tests
  • Human beings have a fixed amount of intelligence
  • Intelligence level does not change over a lifetime
  • Intelligence consists of ability in logic and language
• Multiple Intelligences Theory


  • Short answer tests do not measure disciplinary mastery or deep understanding, only rote memorization
  • Human beings have all the intelligences, but each person has a unique combination
  • We can all improve each of the intelligences, though some more readily in one area
  • There are many more types of intelligence which reflect different ways of interacting with the world
• Traditional Practice vs MI Pedagogy

  • Teachers teach the same material to everyone
  • Teachers teach a topic or "subject"
  • MI pedagogy implies teaching and assessing differently based on individual strengths/weaknesses
  • Teachers structure learning around issues/questions and connect subjects, allowing multiple ways of understanding
• Multiple Intelligences provide eight ways of teaching: linguistic, logical-mathematical, spatial, bodily-kinesthetic, musical, interpersonal, intrapersonal, and naturalist