Classwork 1

• What is the simple past tense used for?

  To describe actions or events that occurred and were completed at a specific time in the past.
• Which sentence correctly uses the simple past tense?


  I went to the park yesterday.
• How does the simple past tense relate to the present?


  It does not have any connection to the present.
• What does the present perfect tense indicate?


  It describes an action or event that was completed in the past but has a connection or relevance to the present.
• Which sentence correctly uses the present perfect tense?


  I have finished my homework.
• What is the structure of the present perfect tense?


  It combines the present tense of the verb "to have" with the past participle of the main verb.
• What are the key differences between the simple past and present perfect tenses?


  • Time focus: Simple past focuses on a specific time; present perfect focuses on the connection to the present.
  • Completion: Simple past indicates a completed action; present perfect suggests relevance in the present.
  • Connection to now: Present perfect implies relevance to the current situation; simple past does not.
• Which tense would you use to describe an action that was completed in the past but has no connection to the present?

  Simple past
• Provide examples contrasting the use of simple past vs. present perfect.

  **Simple Past**:

  • "I went to the movies last night."
  • "She studied hard for the exam."

  
  

  **Present Perfect**:

  • "I have been to the movies several times this year."
  • "She has studied hard, and now she is prepared for the exam."
• Which tense would you use to say that you have visited a certain country multiple times in your life?

  Present perfect
• When should you use the simple past vs. present perfect?


  • Use the simple past: For completed actions/events in the past, without connection to the present.
  • Use the present perfect: For actions/events that occurred in the past but have relevance to the present.
• Which tense would you use to say that you lived in Germany for 15 years?

  Simple past
• Which tense would you use to say that you have studied German for 5 years?

  Present perfect
• Why is it important to choose the right tense when communicating about past actions?


  It helps clearly communicate the timing and significance of past actions.
• What are participle clauses?


  Participle clauses are a type of dependent clause that use a participle to modify a noun or pronoun.
• How do participle clauses function in a sentence?


  They function as adjectives, modifying a noun or pronoun.
• Give an example of a participle clause.


  Smiling, the girl waved to her friend.
• What is the difference between a participle clause and a relative clause?


  Participle clauses use a participle to modify a noun/pronoun, while relative clauses use a relative pronoun to introduce a dependent clause.
• What do relative clauses use to introduce a dependent clause?


  Relative clauses use a relative pronoun (who, which, that, etc.).
• Why are participle clauses considered more concise?


  Because they avoid repeating the noun or pronoun in the sentence.
• Which sentence correctly uses a participle clause after a verb of perception?


  I noticed the woman walking down the street.
• What verbs of perception can be followed by a participle clause?


  Verbs like "see", "hear", "watch", and "notice".
• How can participle clauses indicate time or sequence?


  By showing that one action occurs before another action.
• What is an example of a participle clause used to show cause or reason?


  Being tired, she decided to go to bed early.
• Which sentence uses a participle clause to show time or sequence?


  Having studied all night, she felt prepared for the exam.
• What are the key points about participle clauses?


  • Participle clauses use a participle to modify a noun or pronoun.
  • They differ from relative clauses, which use a relative pronoun.
  • They can follow verbs of perception to describe observed actions.
  • They can be used as adjective modifiers, to show cause/reason, or to indicate time/sequence.
  • They allow for more concise and natural-sounding sentences.
• What are the benefits of using participle clauses?


  They avoid repetition, create more concise sentences, and sound more natural.
• What are verbs of reception?


  Verbs of reception are verbs that describe the action of receiving or accepting something.
• What are some common examples of verbs of reception?


  • Receive: to acquire or be given something
  • Accept: to willingly take or agree to something
  • Obtain: to acquire or gain possession of something
  • Acquire: to come into possession or ownership of something
  • Collect: to gather or accumulate something over time
  • Gain: to obtain or secure something
• Which verb means to acquire or be given something?


  Receive
• Which verb means to willingly take or agree to something?


  Accept
• Which verb means to acquire or gain possession of something?


  Obtain
• Which verb means to come into possession or ownership of something?

  Acquire
• Which verb means to gather or accumulate something over time?


  Collect
• Which verb means to obtain or secure something?


  Gain
• How are verbs of reception typically used in sentences?


  They are used where the subject is the recipient of an object or information.
• Which sentence correctly uses a verb of reception?


  The customer received the package from the delivery person.