Promotion of Reactionary Ministers

• Growing opposition began in the 1860s with groups like Young Russia in 1862 who opposed the Tsar and the Church and The Organisation in 1863 which was set up by Moscow students.
• Alexander II started to pull back from his reforming instincts and listen to reactionaries who disliked the free press, Western ideas and non-Russian minorities and religions.
• Alexander II made a series of reactionary appointments in 1866.
• Dmitri Tolstoy replaced Golovin as Minister for Education.
• Aleksandr Timashev replaced Pyotr Valuev as Minister for Internal Affairs.
• Pyotr Shuvalov became Head of the Third Section.
• Konstantin Pahlen became Minister of Justice.