INTEGUMENTARY SYSTEM

• Integumentary system


  The skin and its associated glands, hair, and nails
• Integumentary system


  • Protects against infection, dehydration, ultraviolet radiation, and injury
  • Helps to regulate temperature by evaporation of sweat and by changes in the diameter of surface blood vessels
• Skin


  The tissue that covers the body; the integument
• Epidermis


  The outermost layer of the skin
• Stratum basale


  The deepest epidermal layer that produces new cells
• Stratum corneum


  The outermost epidermal layer composed of flat, dead, protective cells
• Melanin


  A dark pigment that gives color to the hair and skin and protects the skin against the sun's radiation
• Dermis


  The layer of the skin between the epidermis and the subcutaneous tissue; the true skin or corium
• Subcutaneous layer


  The layer of tissue beneath the skin; also called the hypodermis
• Sweat glands


  Glands that release a watery fluid (perspiration) to the skin surface in order to cool the body
• Sebaceous glands


  Glands that release an oily fluid, sebum, that lubricates the hair and skin and prevents drying
• Hair


  A thread-like keratinized outgrowth from the skin
• Hair follicle


  The sheath in which a hair develops
• Arrector pili


  A small muscle attached to the hair follicle that raises the hair to produce "goosebumps"
• Nail


  A plate-like keratinized outgrowth of the skin that covers the dorsal surface of the terminal phalanges
• Cuticle


  An extension of the epidermis onto the surface of the nail plate
• Lunula


  A lighter region distal to the cuticle where the underlying skin is thicker and blood does not show as much through the nail
• Skin


  Cutis
• Skin


  Skin
• Skin


  Upon or over skin
• Protein that thickens and toughens the skin

  Kerat/o
• Pigment that gives color to the hair and skin

  Melan/o
• Plate-like keratinized outgrowth of the skin

  Onych/o
• Pertaining to the sebum-producing glands


  Seb/o
• Oily fluid produced by sebaceous glands


  Seb/o
• Tissue that covers the body

  Derm/o, dermat/o
• Beneath the skin


  Hypo-
• Watery fluid released by sweat glands

  Sudor-
• Extensive skin damage, such as burns, can result in a host of dangerous complications
• The skin contains receptors for the sensory perceptions of touch, temperature, pressure, and pain
• The word derma (from Greek) means "skin" and is used as an ending in words pertaining to the skin
• The adjective cutaneous refers to the skin and is from the Latin word cutis for skin
• Some of the cells in the epidermis produce melanin, a pigment that gives the skin color and protects against sunlight
• The subcutaneous layer beneath the dermis is composed mainly of connective tissue and fat
• The sweat (sudoriferous) glands act mainly in temperature regulation by releasing a watery fluid that evaporates to cool the body
• The sebaceous glands release an oily fluid, sebum, that lubricates the hair and skin and prevents drying
• A small muscle (arrector pili) attached to the hair follicle raises the hair to produce "goosebumps" when one is frightened or cold
• The cuticle, technically named the eponychium, is an extension of the epidermis onto the surface of the nail plate
• A lighter region distal to the cuticle is called the lunula because it looks like a half moon. Here the underlying skin is thicker, and blood does not show as much through the nail