THE CREATION OF FIRST DECK

• The diversity and richness of Philippine literature evolved side by side with the country's history
• The Philippine literary history is the long since before even the Spaniards and other foreigners landed on the Philippine shore our forefathers already had their own
• Unique storytelling styles in pre-colonial Philippine literature

  • Riddle (Bugtong)
  • Proverb (Salawikain)
  • Tanaga
  • Folk Song
  • Myth
  • Legends
  • Fables
  • Fantasy Story
  • Epics
  • Folk Tales
• Riddle (Bugtong)


  Battle of wits, also called Tigmo in Cebu
• Proverb (Salawikain)


  Wise saying that contain a metaphor used to teach as a food for thought, 2 sentences only
• Tanaga


  A one stanza poem with 4 lines with 7 syllables, all are rhyming. Stanza = Paragraph and Line = Sentence
• Folk Song


  • One of the oldest forms of Philippine literature that emerged in the Pre-Spanish period
  • Examples: Hele o Uyayi (Lullany), Ambahan {Mangayon} (Human relationships and social entertainment), Kalusan {Ivatan} (Work song), Tagay {Cebuano/Waray} (Drinking song), Kanogan {Cebuano} (Song of lamentation for the dead)
• Myth


  Explain how the world is created, how certain animals possess certain characteristics, why some places have waterfalls, volcanoes, mountains, flora and fauna. Considered true sacred stories that happened in the distant past, main characters are non-human, and stories are timeless and symbolic
• Myth


  • Si Malakas at Maganda, Maria Makiling
• Legends


  Explain the origin of things, considered true stories that happened in the recent past, main characters is usually human, story told had historical info/value
• Legends


  • Alamat ng ampalaya, alamat ng pinya
• Fables


  Uses animal characters
• Fables


  • Pagong at matsing, Kuneho at ang pagong
• Fantasy Story


  Deal with underworld characteristics such as tiyanak, aswang, kapre, and so on
• Fantasy Story


  • Pedro Penduko, Ang Panday
• Epics


  Narratives of sustained length based on tradition revolving around supernatural events or heroic deeds
• Epics


  • Zamang, Hinilawod
• Folk Tales


  Made up of stories about life, adventure, love, horror, and humor where one can derive lessons about life
• Folk Tales


  • Juan Tamad, Ang Gamugamo at ang Gasera
• Filipino had culture that linked them with the Malays of Southeast Asia, a culture with traces of Indian, Arabic, and possibly, Chinese influences
• The arrival of Ferdinand Magellan on the shores of Homonhon in March 6, 1521 spelled a new aera for the Philippines. The Spanish monarchy and Roman Catholic Religion spread Christianity
• It sparked many talented writers to come up with their own written literature
• Reading, writing, and arithmetic were taught in catechetical schools
• Ladinos


  "Latinized" is anyone who could read and write in any of the Latin languages
• Ladinos


  • Pedro Bukaneg, Tomas Pinpin, Fernando Bagongbanta
• Two classifications of Filipinos during the Spanish period

  • Taga-bukid or taga-bundok (Filipinos who kept their distance from the colonial administrators)
  • Taga-bayan (Filipinos who were within easy reach of the power of the Church and State)
• Two classifications of literature during the Spanish period

  • Awit (Tales of Chivalry)
  • Korido (A metrical tale)
  • Prose Narratives (Written to instruct readers on paper decorum)
• Awit


  Tales of Chivalry (high respect of men for women), usually portrays a knight saving a princess or the like
• Awit


  • Florante at Laura
• Korido


  A metrical (a piece of literature that has a measurement for aesthetic purposes) tale
• Nationalistic propaganda and revolutionary literature (1864 - 1896)

  • Propaganda literature (Political essays and Political Novel composed of satires, editorials, and news articles that aim to attack and expose the corrupt Spanish Rule, its objective is to reform)
  • Revolutionary literature (Political essays that were exposes that fired up the Philippine revolutionary movement into a time bomb waiting to explode)
• Doctrina Christiana (1593) was the first book ever published in the Philippines. May Bagyo Ma't May Rilim is written by an anonymous author and produced by the friar lexicographer Francisco Blancas de San Jose
• An important method of analyzing a poem is to look at the stanza structure or style of a poem
• Stanza structure or style of a poem

  • Couplet (2 lines)
  • Tercet (3 lines)
  • Quatrain (4 lines)
  • Cinquain (5 lines)
  • Sestet (6 lines, sometimes called a sexain)
  • Septet (7 lines)
  • Octave (8 lines)
• A poem may or may not have a specific number of lines, rhyme scheme and/or metrical pattern, but it can still be labeled according to its form or style
• Lyric Poetry


  One speaker (not necessarily the poet) who expresses strong thoughts and feelings
• Narrative Poem


  Tells a story, its structure resembles the plot line of a story
• Descriptive Poem


  Describes the world that surrounds the speaker, uses elaborate imagery and adjectives
• Senses & Images


  Used by the writer to describe their impression on the topic or the object of writing, carefully selected words so readers are able to create an imagery. Examples: Visual Imagery (Sight), Olfactory Imagery (Smell), Gustatory Imagery (Taste), Tactile Imagery (Touch), Auditory Imagery (Hearing)
• Diction


  Denotative (literal meaning and more or less how the dictionary describe it), Connotative (the use of a word to suggest a different association than its meaning)