brief of bonding

• • Atoms form bonds to complete their so that their outer shell of electrons canbe full.
  • The first shell of electrons can hold a maximum of two electrons, the second shell can hold a maximum of eight electrons, and the third shell can also hold a maximum of eight electrons.
  • To get a full shell of electrons elements can either share electrons, or electrons can be transferred (given or taken) between atoms.
  • If atoms gain or lose electrons, they are called ions.
• • Ionic Examples: Sodium chloride, NaCl; Calcium carbonate, CaCO3; 
  • Covalent Examples: Methane, CH4; Water H2O; Ammonia, NH3; Carbon dioxide, CO2
  • Metallic Examples: Gold, Au; Silver, Ag; Bronze, CuSn; Brass, CuZn