Germany

• What was the time period of Bismarck's leadership?

  1871-1890
• What was the time period of the Kaiserreich?

  1890-1914
• What years did World War I take place?

  1914-1918
• What was the time period of the Weimar Republic?

  1918-1933
• What years did the Nazi regime last?

  1933-1939
• What years encompass World War II?

  1939-1945
• What is the post-45 period referring to?

  After World War II
• How did the population of Germany change by 1914?

  66% lived in urbanized towns
• What was the economic focus of Germany prior to 1871?

  Economy centered on farming
• What special powers did the Junkers have in Prussia?

  Veto any constitutional change
• What was the voting system in the Prussian parliament?

  Unequal voting system ensured Junker majority
• What was the purpose of the 1879 Protective Tariffs?

  To stop import of cheaper grain
• How many seats did the SPD achieve in the 1903 Prussian riots?

  7 seats
• What was the significance of the SPD in 1912?

  It became the largest party in Reichstag
• What was the Agrarian League's purpose in 1893?

  To fight against weakening tariffs
• When did the Prussian Kaiser abdicate?

  November 9, 1918
• What was the Ebert-Groener pact?

  Maintained military dominance post-abdication
• Who was commander in chief of the army in 1922?

  Franz von Seeckt
• Who became president in 1925?

  Paul von Hindenburg
• Who was chancellor of Germany in 1932?

  Franz von Papen
• What impact did WW1 have on German agriculture?

  Better farming techniques and competition emerged
• What was the worldwide economic situation in 1929?

  World-wide economic depression occurred
• What did Hitler aim to do regarding the Junkers?

  Remove them from positions of power
• What was promoted about rural areas under Hitler?

  They were seen as the heart of German tradition
• What laws were enacted in 1933 regarding farms?

  Protected farms from being sold
• What was the impact of WW2 on rural areas?

  Increased pressure on farms for self-sufficiency
• What happened to Junker properties by 1952?

  Total destruction occurred
• What led to greater efficiency in farming?

  Better farming practices and mechanization
• What was the trend in the rural workforce from 1950-60?

  Rural sector lost 50% of workers
• What threat did rapid industrialization pose to the artisan tradition?

  It came under severe threat
• What was the impact of women entering the workforce during shortages?

  They entered previously barred industrial positions
• How did the Weimar Constitution affect women's rights?

  Granted women the right to vote
• What was the significance of the BDF in the 1920s?

  Grew from 300,000 to 900,000 members
• What was the role of 'New Weimar Women'?

  Challenged traditional German culture
• What was the expectation for working women before marriage?

  They were expected to work
• What was the Nazi view of 'New Weimar Women'?

  Depicted as a danger to society
• What policies did Nazis implement regarding women's employment?

  Forced women out of employment
• What happened to female secondary school teachers from 1933-35?

  Declined by 15%
• What was the Nazi approach to female labor force during the war?

  Failed to restrict female labor force
• What was the focus of the 1950s program in West Germany?

  Traditional roles of nuclear family