exam questions

• Give 2 reasons to describe what makes a communicable disease


  It can be passed on from person to person

  caused by a pathogen
• Give two reasons why mitosis is important in living things

  For growth

  Asexual reproduction

  To repair tissues or organs
• What can be added to make a cell more visible

  A stain
• Name one part of a light microscope that can be moved to obtain a clear image of the cell

  Focusing wheel
• how would you breed two species of cattle to produce more meat

  Breed the two cattle together

  Pick the offspring with the desired characteristic and cross breed them

  Repeat over many generations
• Give two benefits of breeding wheat plants that are resistant to fungal disease

  Wheat plants are not damaged

  The spread of fungus will be reduced

  Greater yield

  Reduced use of fungicides
• Difference between aerobic and anaerobic respiration

  Aerobic - uses oxygen and releases more energy

  Anaerobic - doesn't use oxygen and releases less energy
• Why do cells respire

  To release energy
• how can type 2 diabetes be controlled

  Monitoring diet, exercise regularly, reduce blood glucose
• How can a belt transect could be used to see how light intensity affects the biodiversity of plants growing in the field

  Place a line from the edge of the forest

  Place quadrat against the line

  Count number of species in the quadrat

  Measure light intensity

  Move along the line and repeat
• Why might indigenous trees be used instead of non - indigenous trees?

  because indigenous trees will support more native wildlife
• why might animal biodiversity be different if data was collected during winter? 


  Animals hibernating

  Biodiversity will be lower as there is less food and resources for them to survive on
• How does a contraceptive pill stop a woman from becoming pregnant?

  releases oestrogen and progesterone which stimulates the sperm and so the egg will not be released or it becomes mature
• one advantage and disadvantage of a condom being used as contraception

  Advantage - prevents STIs

  disadvantage - It can split
• how does an impulse pass from the relay neurone to the motor neurone

  The impulse triggers the release of a chemical

  Neurotransmitter diffuses across the synapse

  new impulse is triggered in the motor neurone
• Function of reflex arc

  process that occurs in response to danger which bypasses the brain so there is a faster transmission/response which allows a quick reaction. To protect body from harm
• how can you control the temperature of the flask

  water bath
• why might we use three carrots instead of one in osmosis?

  to calculate a mean

  A single result could be anomalous
• Give two ways a osmosis practical could be improved

  measure the length/width of carrot stick

  use the same variety of carrot sticks
• what causes vapour to condense and form clouds?

  the water vapour cools down
• how can seawater be turned into drinking water?

  evaporate the water

  condense water vapour and collect it
• What do white blood cells do?

  kill bacteria
• how are cells broken down to release DNA?

  mix cells with salt/detergent solution

  homogenise cells
• Two benefits that the human genome project could have for medicine?

  treats genetic disorders

  personalised medicine
• which part of a plant has rapidly dividing cells?

  Meristem
• Two safety precautions that should be taken when heating hydrochloric acid

  wear goggles

  use a water bath to heat acid
• one way that a contraceptive pill can prevent a woman from becoming pregnant

  releases progesterone which stimulates the sperm and so the egg will not be released/become mature