Carbon

• Number of bonds between atoms in diamond

  4

  
• Allotrope


  Different forms of the same element

  
• Number of bonds between atoms in graphite

  3

  
• Properties of diamond


  Translucent, Hard, High melting point, Does not conduct electricity

  
• Properties of graphite


  Soft, Slippery, good conductor of heat and electricity

  
• Properties of graphene


  Very strong and flexible, good thermal and electrical conductor, nearly transparent

  
• Reason graphene conduct electricity

  One spare electron is delocalised and can carry charge through the layer
• Graphene


  A single layer of graphite one atom thick.

  
• Uses of graphene


  Electronics and solar cells

  
• Reason graphene is strong

  Strong covalent bonds between atoms need lots of energy to break
• Carbon outer shell electrons

  4

  
• Carbon maximum covalent bonds

  4 - sharing all its outershell electrons