Chemistry - c3

• What are acids in solution a source of?

  hydrogen ions
• What are alkalis in solution a source of?

  hydroxide
• What is the pH of a neutral solution?

  7
• Do acidic solutions have high or low pH values?

  low (less than 7)
• Do alkaline solutions have high or low pH values?

  high (greater than 7)
• Is this solution acidic or alkaline?

  alkaline

  
• Is this solution acidic or alkaline?

  acidic

  
• Give the colour of methyl orange indicator when it is put into an acidic solution

  red
• Give the colour of methyl orange indicator when it is put into an neutral solution

  yellow
• Give the colour of methyl orange indicator when it is put into an alkaline solution

  yellow
• Give the colour of phenolphthalein indicator when it is put into an acidic solution

  colourless
• Give the colour of phenolphthalein indicator when it is put into an neutral solution

  colourless
• Give the colour of phenolphthalein indicator when it is put into an alkaline solution

  pink
• What happens to pH when hydrogen ion concentration increases?

  it decreases
• What happens to pH when hydrogen ion concentration decreases?

  it increases
• What happens to pH as hydrogen ion concentration in a solution increases by a factor of 10?

  it decreases by 1
• What is the difference between a concentrated and dilute solution?

  a concentrated solution has a higher amount of substance dissolved in the solution
• What is a weak acid?

  one that only partially dissociates into ions
• What is a strong acid?

  one that fully dissociates into ions
• What is a base?

  any substance that reacts with an acid to form a salt and water only
• What are alkalis?


  soluble bases
• Complete this equation: acid + metal -->

  salt + hydrogen
• Complete this equation: acid + metal oxide -->


  salt + water
• Complete this equation: acid + metal hydroxide -->

  salt + water
• Complete this equation: acid + metal carbonate -->


  salt + carbon dioxide + water
• What is the test for hydrogen?


  a lit splint causes a 'pop
• What is needed to test for carbon dioxide?

  lime water
• What is the test for carbon dioxide?

  lime water turns cloudy
• What is a neutralisation reaction?

  a reaction between an acid and a base
• Write a general equation for a neutralisation reaction

  H+ + OH- → H2O
• What technique needs to be used if soluble salts are prepared from an acid and a soluble reactant?

  titration
• Name this piece of apparatus

  burette

  
• Name this piece of apparatus

  pipette

  
• What is true about common sodium, potassium and ammonium salts?

  they are all soluble
• True or false: all nitrates are soluble

  true
• True or false: all chlorides are soluble

  false: common chlorides are soluble except those of silver and lead
• Give 2 examples of metals that form insoluble chlorides

  silver and lead
• True or false: all sulfates are soluble

  false: common sulfates are soluble except those of lead, barium and calcium
• Give 3 examples of metals that form insoluble sulfates

  lead, barium and calcium
• True or false: all carbonates are soluble

  false: common carbonates and hydroxides are insoluble except those of sodium, potassium and ammonium