Pilonidal cyst is a congenital disorder characterized by a small dimple or cyst/sinus containing hair. It is located midline in the sacrococcygeal area and has a palpable sinus tract
Rectal polyps - these soft structures are rather common and occur in varying sizes and numbers. There are two types: pedunculated (on a stalk) and sessile (on the mucosal membrane)
Rectalcancer - occurs when cells in the rectum mutate and grow out of control.
Prostate cancer - a hard area on the prostate or hard, fixed, irregular nodules on the prostate suggest cancer.
Benign prostatic hypertrophy - prostate is enlarged, smooth, firm, and slightly elastic. Common in 50 year old men
External hemorrhoid - contains clotted blood, is very painful and swollen, and itches and bleeds with bowel movement
Anorectal fistula - small, round opening in the skin that surrounds the anal opening. It suggests an inflammatory tract from the anus or rectum out to the skin.
Perianal abscess - a cavity of pus, caused by infection in the skin around the anal opening. It causes throbbing pain and is red, swollen, hard and tender
Perianal abscess - a cavity of pus, caused by infection in the skin around the anal opening. It causes throbbing pain and is red, swollen, hard and tender
Anal fissure - splits in the anal canal caused by trauma. Swollen skin tag ("sentinel tag") is often present below the fissure on the anal margin. They cause intense pain, itching, and bleeding
Rectal prolapse - mucosa of the rectum protrudes out through anal opening. It may involve only the mucosa or the mucosa and the rectal wall. It appears as a red, doughnutlike mass with radiating folds
Hemorrhoids - swollen veins in the anus or rectum.
Perianal abscess - painful mass that is hardened and reddened in perianal area
A thrombosed external hemorrhoid appears swollen. It is itchy, painful, and bleeds when the client passes stool.
A swollen skin tag on the anal margin may indicate a fissure in the anal canal
Redness and excoriation may be from scratching a perianal area infected by fungi or pinworms.
Thickening of the epithelium suggests repeated trauma from anal intercourse.
Bulges of red mucous membrane may indicate a rectal prolapse
Poor sphincter tone may be the result of a spinal cord injury, previous surgery, trauma, or a prolapsed rectum
Tightened sphincter tone may indicate anxiety, scarring, or inflammation.
Black stool may indicate upper gastrointestinal bleeding or the use of iron supplements or Pepto-Bismol
gray or tan stool results from the lack of bile pigment