distillation

• distillation


  a separation technique used to separate a solvent from a mixture(salt from water )
• distillation involves the boiling of a mixture and then condensing gas to produce a liquid
• evaporation: the process of turning from liquid into vapour
• condensation: water which collects as droplets on a cold surface when humid air is in contact with it
• solvent: a liquid that can dissolve other substances, such as water
• mixture: a substance made by mixing other substances together
• salt is a substance that dissolves easily in water, we can seperate the salts from the water by distillation
• to separate it into the solvent, we need to change the state, we do this by using a condenser to cool down the water
• what is distillation?


  Separation of components in a mixture based on differences in boiling points.
• distilling salt solutions

  1. salt solution placed into a flask and heated until it boils
  2. the water turns into a gas but the salt stays behind
  3. the steam passes through the condenser which cools the steam back to liquid
  4. the distillated liquid is pure water
• distillation of 2 liquids: if 2 separate liquids have 2 different boiling points they can be distillate example being ethanol and water; they have different boiling points so it would be possible.

  1. heat mixture till 78 degrees
  2. keep the same temperature until the condenser slows down
  3. only water should remain