Science

    Cards (54)

    • Mechanical Digestion
      • Chewing and Tearing
    • Chemical Digestion
      • Uses enzymes to break down food
    • Amylase
      Used to break down food into simpler sugars
    • Lingual Lipase
      Used to digest carbohydrates into fats
    • Bolus
      Food from mouth to stomach
    • Chyme
      Food from intestine to anus
    • Bile
      A salt solution that emulsifies fat, helps in digestion of bolus
    • Lower Esophageal Sphincter
      Small muscle that opens and closes between the Esophagus and Stomach
    • Pyloric Sphincter

      Found between stomach and small intestine
    • Parts of the Digestive System
      • Alimentary Canal(passageway for food)
      • Accessory organs(aids or assists in digestion)
    • Esophagus
      Long Narrow Tube that connects mouth and the stomach
    • Stomach
      Where the food is temporarily stored while being digested
    • Small Intestine

      Where the nutrients are absorbed into the cell and onto the blood
    • Large intestine
      Where excess water is absorbed from the chyme
    • Rectum
      Where chyme is stored after the large intestine
    • Anus
      Opening where the excess chyme is extracted
    • Liver
      Where bile is produced
    • Gall Bladder
      Where bile is stored from the liver
    • Pancreas
      Helps produce pancreatic juices to aid in breaking down starches, sugars, and fats
    • Teeth
      Helps in breaking down food after ingestion
    • Salivary Glands
      Produces saliva to help with chemical digestion
    • Tongue
      Helps with swallowing bolus
    • Epiglottis - the flap between the trachea and esophagus to prevent food from entering the lungs causing choking
    • The stomach expands when full due to it being made up of folds or rugae, and also produces algae making it able to stand the high acidity of stomach acid
    • Peristalsis
      Contractions of the Esophagus
    • Segmentation
      Contractions of the intestines
    • Mastication
      A type of mechanical digestion
    • William Beaumont - father of Gastro Physiology
    • Alexis St. Martin - test subject of William Beaumont
    • Common Diseases in the Human Digestive System
      • Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease(GERD)
      • Esophageal ulcers
      • Peptic Ulcer
      • Colon Cancer
      • Lactose Intolerance
    • Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease(GERD)

      Flow back of acids into the esophagus, causing irritation and inflammation
    • Esophageal ulcers
      Ulcers that develop in the lining of the esophagus
    • Peptic Ulcer
      Open sores that develop on the lining of the stomach, small intestine, or esophagus
    • Cause of Peptic Ulcer: Helicobacter pylori - bacteria that causes the lining of the stomach to thin causing peptic ulcers
    • Colon Cancer
      Malignant tumor that develops in the colon or rectum
    • Lactose Intolerance
      Condition characterized by the inability to digest lactose, a sugar found in milk and dairy products
    • Cause of Lactose Intolerance: absence or lack of lactase enzyme that digests lactose
    • Cell
      • The basic unit of life
      • The structural and functional unit of life
    • Cell hierarchy
      1. Cell
      2. Tissue
      3. Organ
      4. Organ System
      5. Organism
    • For something to be considered living, or an organism, it must consist of at least 1 cell