A capitalist system where the prices for goods and services are determined by the open market and consumers and where state/legal regulation is kept to a minimum
Media Concentration
A process whereby fewer individuals or organizations control shares of the mass media
Public Service Broadcasting (PSB)
Television and radio programmes that are broadcast to inform, entertain or educate the public, without trying to make a profit. They are financed in some way via the state
Globalisation
The global spread of media and communications systems and businesses. How local and national industries are linked to a wider world culture
Neo-liberalism
A political ideology favouring free market capitalism
Conglomerates
A media conglomerate is a large corporation that owns a large number of media companies, such as television, radio, internet, publishing – giving the conglomerate large amounts of power in their market
Regulation
Rules or sets of standards that are expected to be adhered to by media producers
Deregulation
The relaxing of controls and limitations imposed upon the media by the state
Surveillance
Mass surveillance is the intricate surveillance of an entire or a substantial fraction of a population in order to monitor that group of citizens
Privacy
The state or condition of being free from being observed or disturbed by other people
Security
The state of being free from danger or threat
Media is controlled by an small number of large companies driven by the logic of power and profit – media conglomerates
Media concentration generally limits variety, creativity and quality
Socially diverse patterns of ownership help to create the conditions for more varied and adventurous media productions
Power
Media companies are hard to regulate as they have more money which gives them more power in the industry overall
Value
The media facilitates the exchange of cultural ideas across borders
Public Sphere
A place where public opinion is formed through open discourse
Public Interest
Serving the needs and concerns of an audience
Governance
Establishes rules and standards for media producers to follow fairly
Transnational Culture
An analysis of the cultural effects of globalisation
Struggle in UK regulation policy between need to further protect audiences vs need to widen the choice available to consumers
Increasing power of global media and the rise of convergent technologies means that traditional regulation is at risk
Regulation of media products is hard
Difficult to establish what rules should or shouldn't exist
Regulation should protect the audience from harm
Regulations have to try and balance protecting people whilst offering them choice
Technology has made regulation much harder overtime
Downloading & Streaming means people can bypass controls like age certificates
Online media is difficult to regulate due to the vast amount of people that use it
Companies with high amounts of power (media conglomerates) can avoid regulation
Laws can be broken and punishments can be weak
Cultural Industries
That symbolic forms are in general produced, distributed, and consumed in the form of commodities and under conditions of capitalist market competition and exchange
Commodification
The process of turning goods, services, or ideas into commodities for sale
Convergence
The merging of different media platforms and technologies into a unified system
Diversity
To represent and reflect the richness of different cultural perspectives
Innovation
By introducing new ideas, technologies, and approaches
Conglomorate
The integration of various media companies under a single corporate umbrella
Vertical Intergration
By consolidating control over various stages of media production and distribution
Cultural Imperialism
The dominance of one culture's values, beliefs, and practices over others through media influence
Cultural industries minimise risk and maximise audiences through integration and the formatting of media products