definitions

• a drainage basin is an area

  of land drained by its river and tributaries

  
• dredging is

  the rubbish and sediment at the bottom of the river

  
• embankments are the

  banks of a river

  
• estuary is the

  point where the river meets the ocean

  
• floodplain is

  the low lying and wide flow of a river channel

  
• floodplain zoning is

  controlling where houses and buildings are built relative to the river

  
• freeze thaw is when

  water freezes in the cracks of rocks

  
• geology is the

  arrangement of rocks

  
• geology is the

  physical structure of a rock

  
• groyne is a bunch of

  low-lying concrete or wooden walls

  
• hard engineering is the

  use of manmade structures to reduce the recession of the coastline

  
• highlands are

  areas of land that are at high elevation

  
• highlands tend to

  have a larger relief

  
• an impermeable rock

  does not allow water to pass through

  
• levee is the

  banks of a river

  
• long shore drift is the

  deposition of sediment along a beach

  
• lowlands are

  areas of land with a small relief

  
• a permeable rock

  allows water to pass through

  
• relief is the difference

  in height of land for a particular region

  
• sand dune is a

  depositional landform

  
• a sea wall is where

  concrete is built pararell to the seafront

  
• soft engineering is the

  use of natural materials to reduce the impact of floods

  
• a storm hydrograph is a

  graph to show variation over a short period of time

  
• a meander is a

  bend in a river

  
• thalweg is the

  path of fastest water flow in a river

  
• WHAT IS A COURSE

  the path of a river as it flows downhill

  
• the land on either side of a river

  valley

  
• the shape of the valley in upper course is

  V-shaped

  
• the long profile shows how the

  gradient of a river changes from upper to lower

  
• the river flows in a

  channel

  
• what has a bed and two banks

  channel

  
• what do we call the start of a river

  source

  
• when a river meets the sea

  mouth

  
• what type of erosion depends on the river channel and valley

  vertical erosion

  A) vertical

  B) lateral

  
• lateral erosion

  widens the valley

  
• erosion is the

  wearing away of material

  
• the force of the river water colliding with rocks breaking particles away is

  hydraulic action

  
• abrasion causes the

  wearing away of the river

  
• transportation is the

  movement of material due to the power of the river water

  
• when material in a river is dropped

  deposition