Oxidative phosphorylation

• what is the phosphorylation of ATP dependant on

  On electrons moving along electron transport chain, which require the presence of oxygen
• Describe the electron transport chain

  1. The electron carrier proteins are embedded in the inner mitochondrial membrane form the electron transport chain
  2. the electron carrier proteins have an iron ion core which becomes reduced to Fe2+ when it gains electron and reoxidised to Fe3+ when it donates an electron
  3. reduced coenzymes NAD and FAD become oxidised when the release hydrogen ions which then split into protons and electrons
  4. the electrons passed along the electron carrier undergo oxidation and reduction reactions releasing energy. This energy is then used to synthesise ATP.

  
• chemiosmosis/ proton gradient

  1. energy released from the electron carrier process is used to pump Protons across the inner mitochondrial membrane into the inter membrane space
  2. the accumulation of protons in the inter membrane space crease a chemiosmotic potential (proton gradient)
  3. the proton gradient is established the synthesis of ATP can occur
  4. ATP synthase is embedded in inner mitochondrial membrane (matrix) protons diffuse across the membrane into the matrix via ATP synthase channels. movement of protons through ATP synthase channels causes shape change so ADP and Pi combine forming ATP

  
• Describe oxygen as final electron acceptor

  1. Oxygen combines with protons that have diffused through ATP synthase and electrons that have been passed along electron transport chain
  2. the combination of protons electrons and oxygen forms water
• What is chemiosmosis

  They synthesis of ATP driven by a flow of protons across a membrane