Deuterostomes are developed ass first and have a radial cleavage meaning cells are born on top of each other
Enchinodermata phylum are marine animals with eskoskeleton present composed from calcium carbonate they have a radial cleavage and a water vascular system, they can regenerate, most are gonochrotic
echinoderma eater vascular system works when
water enters madreporite
flows through store canal
entering ring canal
many have tube cell who have suckers and ampulla a sac at base used for movement and feeding
asteroidea class is part of the echiniderma phylum containing sea stars and sea daysis they are predators
holothuridea class is part of the echinoderma phylum containing sea cucumbers
crinoidea is part of the echinoderma phylum containing sea lilies
Enchinidea are part of the echinoderma phlyum contains sand dollars and sea urchin they have no arms and are covered in spines
ophiuroidea are part of the echinoderma phylum containing brittle stars and have the longest class
Chordata area part of the deuterostomes who are vertebrates with a notochord, a dorsal nerve cord that endoskeleton differs from echinoderm
chordata nerve cord forms
central nervous system its a hollow dorsal
chordata notochord replaced by vertebral column it helps support embryo head to tail
Chordata embryos contains a pharyngeal slits and postnatal tail
chordates have muscles arranged in blocks called somites that later form cartilage, muscle, tendons and dermis
Turnicates are part of the chordates that have a notochord and a dorsal nerve cord
lancelet are part of the chordates and are the earliest animals with notochord
Chordata phylum who are Deuterostomes can be divided into three subphylums
urochorada
cephalochordata
vertebrata
urochordata are part of the phylum chordata they are non vertebrate they resemble turncates during larvae they filter feed and have a tunic which is a sac that surrounds animal they are known as tall choradata
Cephalocardata are part of the phylum chordata they are also non-vertebrate they have no head
Vertebrata are part of the phylum chordata they are all animals with backbones they include fish, birds, mammals, reptiles and amphibians they have a spinal column and a vertebral column allowing for the protection of the dorsal nerve
The characteristics of deuterostome are coelomatetriploblasticbilaterallysymmetricalmetamerismsegmentationradial cleavage blastopore becomes mouth or anus
A notochord is a flexible rod made up of cartilage or bone it runs along the length of the body from the brain to the anus it supports the body and helps maintain shape
Dorsal hollow nerve cord is a tube filled with fluid running down the centre of the body it carries messages between different parts of the body
Pharyngeal slits are openings on either side of the head used for breathing and feeding
The four classes of Vertebra are agnatha (jawless), gnathostomata (jaws) , osteichthyes (bone fish) and chondrichthyes (cartilaginous fish)
The head developed craniates like the skull brain and eyes. It has a neural crest that develops into the brain and nervous system it happened during the Cambrian explosion
Agnatha are part of the jawless vertebrates group. they contain hagfishes (myxini) and lampreys (cephalaspidomorphi)
hagfishes myxini class are part of the jawless vertebrates have a cartilaginous skull and axial rod from notochord they do not have a vertebrae
lamprey cephalaspidomorphi class are part of the jawless vertebrates, they have a bony skull and vertebrae but no jaws or teeth they feed by rasping their prey with horny plates called denticles
Vertebrates are craniates that have a backbone that evolved during the cambrain period
conodonts were the first vertebrates to have a backbone and a brain
armored jawless vertebrates were called ostracodermis but they are extinct
Gnathostomes are the group of vertebrates that includes all jawed vertebrates
jaw bones evolved from skeleton support of the pharyngeal slits made out of cartilage during the Silurian period
Fishes have a vertebral column, jaws and paired appendages, internal gills, closed circulatory sys and the inabillity to synthesize aromatic amino acids
placoderms are armored fishes that replaced ostracodermis
chondrichthyes are part of the jawed vertebrates that contains sharks and rays they are covered with calcified cartilage skeleton
sharks are part of the chondrichthyes class that were among the first to develop teeth and a fully lateral line system that allows for pressure detection some species lay eggs
Osteichthyes are part of the jawed vertebrates that are bony. They adapted swim bladder and gill cover
swim bladders are sacs that allow regulation of density depth and gill covers are hard plates that cover the gills
osteichthyes are bony fish that can be divided into three major groups