willis

• Labelling of working class boys in schools.
• Working class boys were largely illiterate, and believed school was a waste of time, due to being perceived as incapable for so long.
• • The boys believed that school was wasting time before they could get into manual work as adults. They didn’t believe they had any other job options, as they would require grades and intelligence that they had been labelled not to have.
• • These boys formed anti-school subcultures as a result in their beliefs that school was pointless for them.