Competition and prediation

• What is the main topic discussed in the video?

  Populations, abiotic and biotic factors
• What are the key terms to know for topic seven?

  • Population
  • Community
  • Ecosystem
  • Niche
  • Carrying capacity
  • Abiotic factors
  • Biotic factors
• How is a population defined?

  Groups of organisms of the same species
• What is a community in ecological terms?

  All populations of different species in an area
• What does an ecosystem include?

  Living and non-living components of the environment
• Can ecosystems vary in size?

  Yes, they can be very small or large
• What is a niche in an ecosystem?

  An organism's role within the ecosystem
• Can two species share a niche?

  No, they cannot share a niche
• What happens when two species try to share a niche?

  They will compete, and one will outcompete
• What is carrying capacity?

  Maximum population size an ecosystem can hold
• What occurs when a population exceeds its carrying capacity?

  Increased death rate to reduce population
• What are abiotic factors?

  Non-living conditions in an ecosystem
• Why is oxygen important in aquatic ecosystems?

  It is dissolved in water for organisms
• What is insufficient to define climate as an abiotic factor?

  Simply stating 'climate' without specifics
• How are plants adapted to abiotic factors?

  Through extensive root networks or broad leaves
• What does natural selection relate to in terms of adaptations?

  It takes many generations for adaptations
• How do less harsh abiotic factors affect species diversity?

  Support a larger range of species
• What are the effects of harsh abiotic factors on ecosystems?

  • Fewer plant species
  • Smaller population sizes
  • Limited animal diversity
• What are biotic factors?

  Living components of an ecosystem
• What does competition in ecosystems involve?

  Interactions between different organisms
• What are the two types of competition?

  Interspecific and intraspecific competition
• What is interspecific competition?

  Competition between different species
• What is intraspecific competition?

  Competition among members of the same species
• What do organisms compete for in both types of competition?

  Space, food, and water
• What additional resource do members of the same species compete for?

  Mates
• What is the relationship between predators and prey?

  Interactions that follow specific population patterns
• What are the key patterns in predator-prey relationships?

  1. Both populations fluctuate together
  2. Prey population peaks higher than predator
  3. Lag time in predator population response
• What happens to predator and prey populations over time?

  They fluctuate in a cyclical pattern
• Why does the prey population peak higher than the predator population?

  Predators are higher in the food chain
• What is the lag time in predator population changes?

  Delay after prey population changes
• What occurs first in predator-prey dynamics?

  Changes in prey population size
• What happens to predator populations when prey decreases?

  Predator populations also decrease
• What is the overall conclusion about abiotic and biotic factors?

  They significantly affect population sizes
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