more schools supporting students with english as a second language
Butler Act 1944
established tripartite system with students needing to pass the 11+ to access the best schools - left girls largely disadvantaged in education, pass mark on the 11+ higher for girls than boys
national curriculum introduction
ensured all students had equal access to important subjects
gave girls access to subjects they had not always had access to previously
GIST and WISE
campaigns that give girls role models and encourage stem subjects
GCSE reform
replacing coursework with exams
disadvantaged girls, previously did better in coursework
boys are still outperformed by females
new labour 1997
address class inequality caused by 1988 education reform act
focused on promoting greater diversity within education ensuring students from all backgrounds had the same opportunities
aimed to do this through compensatory education
labour policies
free childcare for every preschool child 3+ - moving to 30 hours for 9 months+
means tested fee for university courses
coalition government 2010-2015
abolition of EMA - Educational Maintenance Allowance
tripling university fees
pupil premium
pupil premium 2011
sum of money given to schools each year by the government to improve the attainment of disadvantaged children
eligibility: qualified FSM, previously looked after by local authority/state care, from service families
unlikely pupil premium is sufficient to make up for pandemic
a lot of schools spend money to plug gaps in school funding, spending it on general school needs
lack of school funding is the problem, pupil premium doesn't make up for this
spent on learning assistants - not the most efficient way