6.3.1/2 - Halogenoalkalnes

Cards (8)

what's a halogenoalkane?
an alkane with at least one halogen atom instead of a hydrogen atom
primary halogenoalkanes
carbon the halogen is bonded to is bonded to one other alkyl group
secondary halogenoalkane
carbon the halogen is bonded to is bonded to two other alkyl groups
tertiary halogenoalkane
carbon halogen is bonded to is bonded to three other alkyl groups
boiling point of halogenoalkanes
increases as number of carbon atoms increases/as halogen gets larger because of more electrons so more London forces
increases as halogen becomes more electronegative because bond becomes more polar so stronger dipole-dipole interactions
more branched=lower boiling point due to less London forces
state of halogenoalkanes at room temperature
chloromethane, bromomethane and chloroethane are gases
most others are colourless liquids
solubility of halogenoalkanes in water
slightly soluble at best because they can only form London forces and dipole-dipole interactions with water which doesn't release enough energy to make up for energy to break hydrogen bonds between water molecules
solubility of halogenoalkanes in organic solvents
dissolves as intermolecular forces have the same strength