BB M7 FINAL

• Types of Blood Banks


  • Blood Bank (Hospital)
  • Blood Center (Non-hospital)
  • Blood Collection Unit
• Blood Bank (Hospital)


  • Advocacy
  • Storage of whole blood and blood components obtained from a blood center or another hospital
  • Crossmatching of red cells units
  • Direct Coombs test
  • Red cell antibody screening
  • Investigation of transfusion reactions
• Blood Center (Non-hospital)


  • Advocacy
  • Donor recruitment, retention and care of voluntary blood donors
  • Collection of blood (mobile or facility-based) from qualified voluntary donors
  • Processing and provision of blood components
  • Storage, issuance, transport and distribution of units of whole blood and/or blood products to hospitals and other health facilities
• Blood Collection Unit


  • Advocacy
  • Donor recruitment, retention, education and counselling
  • Donor selection and screening
• Types of Donors


  • Autologous
  • Allogeneic
• Autologous Donor


  Donates for own use; safer than allogeneic
• Allogeneic Donor


  Donates for others
• Types of Allogeneic Donors

  • Voluntary Non-Remunerated Donors
  • Directed Donors
  • Paid Donors
• Autologous Donation


  An autologous donor is one who donates blood for his or her own use
• Advantages of Autologous Donation

  • Decreased risk of disease transmission, transfusion reactions, and alloimmunization
• Disadvantages of Autologous Donation

  • Higher cost due to added administrative processes and special labeling requirements
• Preoperative Autologous Collection


  1. Occurs during the period immediately preceding a scheduled, elective surgical procedure

  2. Last blood collection should occur no later than 72 hours before the scheduled surgery
• Acute Normovolemic Hemodilution (ANH)


  1. Collection of whole blood with the concurrent infusion of crystalloid (3:1) or colloid (1:1) solutions

  2. Maintains normal blood volume but decreases the patient's hematocrit
• Recommended starting hemoglobin for ANH is at least 12 g/dL
• Intraoperative Autologous Collection


  1. Collecting shed blood from the surgical site

  2. Processing the blood through an instrument that washes it with saline

  3. Concentrating the residual RBCs to a hematocrit of 50% to 60%

  4. Reinfusing the concentrated RBCs immediately
• Postoperative Blood Salvage


  1. Collected from a drainage tube placed at the surgical site

  2. Reinfused, with or without processing, via a microaggregate filter
• Blood must be reinfused within 6 hours of collection or it is to be discarded
• Directed Donation


  The unit collected is directed toward a specific patient
• The tag for the directed unit is a distinct color (yellow/salmon) to differentiate it from autologous tags
• If the donor is a blood relative, the unit must be irradiated to prevent transfusion-associated graft-versus-host disease (TA-GVHD)
• Irradiation inactivates/destroys T cells to prevent TA-GVHD
• Donor Selection (Screening)


  • Encompasses the eligibility requirements for the donor, the (partial) medical history, and serologic testing of the donor blood
• Donor Registration


  Includes name, date and time of donation, address, telephone number, gender, age or date of birth, and valid ID
• Medical History


  Obtaining an accurate medical history of the donor is essential to ensure safety of the donor and benefit to the recipient
• The medical history is conducted on the same day as the donation
• Types of Deferrals


  • Temporary
  • Indefinite
  • Permanent
• Temporary Deferral


  Donor is unable to donate blood for a limited period of time
• Indefinite Deferral


  Donor is unable to donate blood for someone else for an unspecified period of time due to current regulatory requirements
• Permanent Deferral


  Donor will never be eligible to donate blood for someone else
• Other deferrals: Infrequent plasmapheresis (4 weeks), Plateletpheresis (8 weeks), Double red cell apheresis (16 weeks), Alcohol intake (12 hours)
• Physical Examination


  • Evaluates the prospective donor with regard to age, weight, temperature, hemoglobin, and presence of skin lesions
• ONE ON ONE in CLOSE ROOM

  For sensitive information
• QUESTIONARE


  YES OR NO ONLY
• TEMPORARY DEFERRAL


  If puro NO, proceed with blood donation
• INDEFINITE DEFERRAL


  no definite time
• temporary DEFERRAL

  with definite time
• Palawan


  • Malarial Endemic Area
• Other Deferrals


  • Infrequent plasmapheresis: requires 4 week interval
  • Plateletpheresis : 8 weeks or 56 days
  • Double red cell apheresis 16 weeks
  • Alcohol intake: 12 hours
• IMMUNOHEMATOLOGY (LECTURE)
• DONOR SELECTION AND DEFERRAL, AND WHOLE BLOOD COLLECTION