Chapter 3

• Requirements Modelling - involves fact-finding that analyzes the current system and identifies requirements for the new one, covering inputs, processes, outputs, performance, and security
• Inputs are the necessary data entering the system manually or automatically.
• Processes apply logical rules to transform data into meaningful information.
• Outputs are the electronic or printed information produced by the system.
• Performance encompasses system characteristics like speed, volume, capacity, availability, and reliability.
• Security includes hardware, software, and procedural controls to safeguard the system and its data from internal and external threats.
• Fact-finding entails answering five key questions: who, what, where, when, how, and always followed by why.
• Research, a crucial fact-finding technique, utilizes sources like the

  Internet, IT magazines, books, professional meetings, seminars, and

  discussions with peers to gather background information, technical

  material, and industry trends, aiding in effective problem-solving.
• The Internet provides access to diverse resources including

  government databases, global publishers, universities, and libraries.
• An interview is a structured meeting to gather information from

  another person.
• Open-ended questions prompt unstructured responses, useful for understanding processes or eliciting opinions.
• Closed-ended questions restrict responses for specificity or fact verification.
• Document review aids in understanding the current system's functionality.
• Range-of-response questions limit answers to specific options or numeric scales for easier tabulation and interpretation.
• Hawthorne Effect - It is a phenomenon where individuals modify or improve their behavior when they know they are being observed.