b4

• why does your heart/breathing rate and breathe volume increase during exercise?

  heart / breathing rate and breath volume increase during exercise to supply muscles with more oxygenated blood
• what happens when your body turns to anaerobic respiration?

  leads to oxygen debt
• what is oxygen debt?

  amount of extra oxygen your body needs to react with the build up of lactic acid and remove it.
• what is respiration?

  exothermic reaction which transfers energy from gluclose.
• what is aerobic respiration and where does it take place?

  takes place with plenty of oxygen and takes place in plants and animals in mitochondria
• what is the word equation from aerobic respiration?

  gluclose + oxygen --- > carbon dioxide + water
• what is metabolism?

  sum of all chemical reactions in the body
• describe how metabolism converts between molecules

  gluclose in humans converts to glycogen
• describe how metabolism converts between different molecules

  excess protein is broken down in a reaction to produce urea, then excreted in urine.
• is photosynthesis an endothermic or exothermic reaction?

  endothermic reaction
• what is the word equation for photosynthesis?

  carbon dioxide + water -----(light)----> glucose + oxygen
• what are five main ways gluclose is used in plants?

  • respiration (transfers energy)
  • making cellulose (strong plant cell walls)
  • amino acids (then made into proteins)
  • stored as starch (insoluble)
  • stored as oils or fats
• what is anaerobic respiration?

  respiration when there is not enough oxygen
• what is the word equation for humans in anaerobic respiration?

  gluclose --> lactic acid
• why is anaerobic respiration not efficient?

  there is an incomplete breakdown of gluclose molecule (as there is no oxygen to oxidise)

  causes lactic acid to build up
• what factors affect photosynthesis?

  chlorophyll , light , carbon dioxide , temperature
• what can cause a lack of chlorophyll in plants?

  can be damaged via disease (TMV), enviromental stress (lack of nutrients)
• what are someways farmers ensure temperature is the same?

  greenhouses - traps suns heat
• what are ways farmers ensure photosynthesis occurs?

  artificial light , pump carbon dioxide into soil , spray fertiliser into soils