North-west

• A03: Duffy grew up in Liverpool, went uni . experienced the rise of the Beatles (1960-70) first-hand, the band representing her childhood. references them in the penultimate line of the poem, calling back to that time. modernization of Liverpool that has happened over the last 50 years, the current Liverpool is very different from the city that Duffy grew up in.

   
• begins media res ‘However’. Duffy middle of her life
• 'where the ferry greives' personfies as she misses
• metephore of past ' city drifts out of reach'
• romantacises past and memories 'bird' 'ship' half rhyme showing unfished buisness but also reference to liver buiilding in the cit; bird connotations of life further romantices as personification of ' a kiss on the lip of the wind' + further romanticism through semantics of treasure like symbolising childhood ' x on a wave'. Wave + ship also semantics of movement
• Ruined love + reference adrian henry. Asyntetic lsiting focsuing on the semantic of death, death of childhood
• Duffy’s use of ‘yeah yeah yeah’ is a direct reference to the Beetles’ song ‘She Loves.’ The Beatles were from Liverpool, and Duffy associated] her childhood with their rising fame.
• final image of the poem is melancholic, ‘tearful air’ being a hypallage. Duffy stares over her city and begins to cry, remembering all she has lost. persofnication also shows the freedom
• image of freedom, ‘silvery bird’ is slightly out of place within North-West. Duffy, now a grown woman, is free to do what she wants. Yet this freedom, here presented as a metaphor for the ‘ferry’ as a ‘silvery bird’, is what takes her away from her past life. Duffy mourns all she has lost, but ‘silvery’ suggests that there is a happy quality of life she has achieved by leaving.