Ethnicity and DEA

• Gillborn

  'Myth of the black challenge'. Teachers negatively label black students by calling them disruptive and as a challenge to school authority
• Driver and Ballard


  Close-knit extended families and high parental expectations increase levels of achievement in Asian communities.

  Teachers label students for not having english as their first language
• Fuller


  Afro-carribean girls were labelled as failures. They worked hard to prove teachers wrong and succeeded
• Wright

  Even though most teachers were committed to equal opportunities, Asian girls recieved less attention from teachers
• Coard


  Westernised education and the ethnocentric cirriculum.

  The portrayal of black people as inferior and intimidating, undermines their self esteem, leading to failure
• Racism in wider society


  African and Caribbean and Pakistani families more susceptible to racism in wider society impacting on job chances in later life. Indian and Chinese families more resistant to racism.