effective form of legislative scrutiny

• Shops Bill 1998 - defeated on its second reading when 72 Conservative MPs voted against plans to deregulate Sunday trading despite Thatcher’s 140-seat-majority
• 2005 - 49 Labour MPs voted against Blair’s plans to hold terrorist suspects for 90 days without charge
• Blair’s government suffered 4 defeats during its 10 years in office, all within a period of one year
• EU Withdrawal Agreement 2018 - in 2019 May was defeated by 230 votes, the biggest defeat in Parliamentary history. A second and third attempt was also defeated
• May suffered more defeats than her past five predecessors put together
• 2023 - Home office pledge follows threat of Tory backbench rebellion against controversial illegal migration bill
• Reform of Sunday Trading Laws 2016 - 27 Conservative MPs opposed Cameron’s plans