#4

• What cellular structure is responsible for the sorting, modification, and packaging of proteins for secretion or transport within the cell? Golgi apparatus
• Pleiotropy a phenomenon where one gene influences the expression of multiple phenotypic traits
• Which mechanism of evolution results in the emergence of new species due to the geographic isolation of a population leading to genetic divergence? Allopatric speciation
• Which part of the human eye is responsible for fine-tuning visual focus and controlling the amount of light entering the eye? Lens
• What term describes the maximum population size that an environment can sustainable support over a prolonged period? Carrying capacity
• Which cellular structure in bacteria is primarily responsible for the exchange of genetic material via conjugation? Pili
• What phenomenon describes the movement of water through a plant against gravity from roots to leaves? XYLEM transport
• What process involves the conversion of glucose into pyruvate in the absence of oxygen generating ATP through substrate level phosphorylation? Fermentation
• Which cells of the immune system are primarily responsible for presenting antigens to activate other immune cells? Dendritic cells