Organisations and members

• Types of organizations= churches, sects, denominations, cults
• World rejecting= critical of outside world, isolate from society

  World affirming= optimistic work with society

  World accommodating= neither, but focus on restoring religious purity
• Growth of movements= Stark and Bainbridge's sectarian cycle (schism, initial fervour, denomination or establishment, schism or re-integration)
• Female religiosity= women tend to be more religious 54% vs 41% , maybe due to socialisation, free time (Miller and Hoffman)
• Deprivation and sects= Stark and Bainbridge say sects compensate for organismic (mental) deprivation, ethical deprivation (moral decline of world) and social deprivation (WC or oppressed)
• Bird= religion is a basis for community and is used as a coping strategy by minorities
• Brierley= black people are twice as likely to attend church, making up 40% of Pentecostal church
• Stark and Bainbridge cult types-

  Audience cults= least organised, informal, non communal personalised belief

  Client cults= provides a service for their followers, spiritual health service

  Cultistic movements= organised, demanding, separate and exclusive