PR 3QA

• Gives stress to measurable and observable facts

  Scientific Approach
• People-oriented

  Naturalistic Approach
• Data collected represent personal views, attitudes, thoughts, emotions, and other subjective traits of people in natural setting.

  Naturalistic Approach
• can be used under hard sciences or STEM (Science, Technology, Engineering, Medicine) and natural sciences (Biology, Physics, Chemistry)

  Scientific Approach
• allows control of variables or factors affecting the study (Laursen 2010)

  Scientific Approach
• Collecting data is done in family homes, playground, workplaces or schools. Focuses on discovering the real concept or meaning behind people's lifestyles and social relations.

  Naturalistic Approach
• Collecting data in controlled ways through questionnaires or structured interviews. Expressed in measurable ways, these types of data are called quantitative data.

  Scientific Approach
• Present things qualitatively through verbal language (qualitative data)

  Naturalistic Approach
• Social sciences, which to other exists as soft sciences (Anthropology, Business, Education, Economics, Law, Politics, and all subjects aligned with business and all those focused on helping professions such as Nursing, Counselling, Physical Therapy, and like; Babbie 2013)

  Naturalistic Approach
• To collect data from people situated in natural setting, social researchers use unstructured interviews and participant observations.
•  These two data gathering techniques yield opinionated data through the use of open-ended questions and actual participation of the researcher in the subject's activities. 
• Collecting data through these research methods indispensably gathering of qualitative data.

  Naturalistic Approach
• All in all, from a social science researcher's viewpoint, these qualitative data resulting from naturalistic approach of research serves as the basis for determining universal social values to define ethical or unethical behavior that society ought to know, not only for the benefit of every individual and community but also for the satisfaction of man's quest for knowledge. (Sarantakos 2013; Ransome 2013)
• depend greatly on their interpretative and reflective thinking in evaluating the object of their study critically.

  Literature and Art Criticism
• focus of inquiry is on knowledge and principles of being and on the manner human beings conduct themselves on earth.

  Philosophical Research
• investigation centers on events and ideas that took place in man's life at a particular period.

  Historical Research
• Sciences that explore the workings of the natural world

  Hard Science
• deal with intangibles and relate to the study of human and animal behaviors, interactions, thoughts, and feelings. It applies the scientific method to such intangibles.

  Soft Science
• A quantitative or qualitative research is not exclusive to hard sciences pr soft sciences. These 2 can go together in research approach called

  triangulation or mixed method approach
• It allows a combination or a mixture of research designs, data collection, and data analysis techniques

  triangulation or mixed method approach
• There is no such thing as clear dichotomy between qualitative and quantitative research methods because some authorities on research claim that a symbiotic relationship, in which they reinforce or strengthen each other, exists between these 2 research methods.
• Any form of knowledge, factual or opinionated, and any statistical or verbal expression of this knowledge are deduced from human experience that by nature is subjective. (Hollway 2013; Letherby 2013).
•  Numerical data are true for the _____ approach

  Positive or scientific approach
• For the naturalistic approach, _____ is the unit of analysis

  Verbal language/ using words
• The focus of social research is ____ for the common good

  Determining universal social values
• It is the focus of humanistic research: ____

  Study of meanings, significance, and visualizations of human experiences
• Quantitative is the scientific approach, _____ to naturalistic approach

  Qualitative
•  As a researcher in Humanities studies his subject with the use of _______

  Interpretative and reflective thinking
• Playgrounds, classrooms, workplaces make up the _____ to yield qualitative data.

  Natural setting
• Laboratory experiments give way to a ____ way of collecting data

  Measurable/ quantitative
• Hard sciences present research in _____ forms

  Numerical/statistical forms
• ________ is to hard sciences; subjectivity is to soft sciences.

  objectivity
• Your real interest in a subject pushes you to research, investigate, or inquire about it

   INTEREST IN THE SUBJECT MATTER
• Collecting a lot of information as evidence to support your claims about your subject matter from varied forms of literature

  AVAILABILITY OF INFORMATION
• The topic is relevant if it yields results that are instrumental in societal improvement

  TIMELINESS AND RELEVANCE OF THE TOPIC
• This makes you link your choosing with course requirements to make you complete the requirements

  LIMITATIONS ON THE SUBJECT
• Before sticking fully to your final choice, assess your research abilities in terms of financial standing, health condition, mental capacity, needed facilities, and time allotment to enable you to complete your research

  PERSONAL RESOURCES
• Your real interest in a subject pushes you to research, investigate, or inquire about it

  INTEREST IN THE SUBJECT MATTER
• Collecting a lot of information as evidence to support your claims about your subject matter from varied forms of literature

  AVAILABILITY OF INFORMATION
• The topic is relevant if it yields results that are instrumental in societal improvement

  TIMELINESS AND RELEVANCE OF THE TOPIC