history of film

• when were the first moving pictures created + by whom?

  1895 - the lumière brothers
• what happened from 1895-1927


  film developed from early short films to full-length feature films; principles of film making were established

  • continuity
  • principlesof lighting
• what are the 3 minor studios?

  columbia

  universal

  united artists
• what is the first feature film with a soundtrack?

  The Jazz Singer - Alan Crossland - 1927
• which staring actor does the jazz singer feature?

  Al Jolson
• what was the first ‘three strip’ colour film + by whom?

  Becky Sharp - Rouben Mamoulian
• what year did Becky Sharp come out?

  1935
• what did the paramount case cause?

  it stopped film studios from owning all phases of the film;

  • production
  • distribution
  • exhibition
• what the paramount case lead to in the 1950s?

  the emergence of independent film production + agents producing films for hollywood studios to distribute and exhibit
• what technological advancements were made in 1950s?

  wide screen

  3D technology
• what was produced in late 1950s?


  lightweight, portable cameras . suitable for handheld use
• which filmmaking style had the biggest impact on hand-held cameras?

  Cinéma vérité (documentary)
• what new generation of director emerged in france? (late 1950s)


  “new-wave” directors
• when did steadicam technology emerge

  1970s (1975)
• who developed steadicam technolog?

  Garrett Brown
• what do streadicams do?

  Stabilize camera shots, while retaining fluid movement
• what does CGI stand for?

  Computer Generated Imagery
• what happened in 1990s (in film special effects)

  movement from filmed “special effects” to visual effects created by CGI
• what was the first CG feature length film + directed by whom?

  Toy Story - Jon Lassester (pixar animation studios)
• what year did the first CG feature length film come out?

  1995
• what technology emerged in the 2000s


  lightweight cameras + mobile phone technology
• what did mobile phone technology created a rise in

  citizen film making
• when was the first legal streaming service launched? + what was the name?

  2007 - Netflix
• name 2 feature length films shot entirely on iphones that were released

  tangerine (Baker, 2015)

  unsane (soderburg, 2018)
• what took over DVD sales in 2017


  film and TV streaming sites such as:

  netflix

  sky

  amazon

  apple
• what happened in 2017 


  film + tv streaming services took over DVD sales for the first time, by 23% in one year!
• name of the first hollywood film shot entirely in IMAX cameras? + years of release?

  Avengers: infinity war - 2018
• what are the 5 major studios?

  Paramount,

  Warner Bros.,

  MGM,

  RKO,

  20th Century Fox