LESSON 4

• Humanities


  The study of mankind and how people shape the world they live in
• Branches of the humanities

  • 1
  • 2
  • 3
  • 4
• To be human is to show or to have qualities like rationally, kindness, and tenderness
• If you don't have these qualities, your personhood is lacking
• Pagpapakatao


  The process by which one becomes a human being
• It is easy to be a person; it's hard to become a human being
• Katauhan


  The biological aspect of Filipino personhood
• Pagkatao


  The cultural aspect of Filipino personhood
• The Manunggul jar


  Represents the Filipino personhood
• The Legend of the Three Races

  1. Kabunian created 3 races from clay

  2. First race was burnt black

  3. Second race was pale

  4. Third race was perfect brown
• The three races were created equal by Kabunian
• Filipino personhood/Pagkatao


  • Has characteristics of labas (external/physical), loob (internal), and lalim (spiritual)
• The study of humanities as "pagpapakatao" should help students discover and realize their own identities as Filipinos
• Cultural identity is a source of social empowerment
• Robbing people of their identity makes them passive, lost, indolent, uncreative and unproductive
• During the colonial period, westernization of Filipino culture made Filipinos alienated from their own identity
• The goal is to make Filipino culture the standard of other cultures, through the integration of the arts with everyday life
• The arts can provide the most vivid images of social relations and cultural values, reflecting the psychic template of an artist or cultural community
• The Filipino Cultural Identity

  1. Pre-Colonial Period (Before 1500’s) We had our own identity.
  2. Colonial Period (1500-1950) Our identity was destroyed by colonizers: Westernization of Filipino culture made us alienated from our own.
  3. Post-Colonial Period (1950-present) Reclamation, affirmation and definition of our identity in our own terms.
• Objective of Colonizing power


  The first objective of a colonizing power is to erase the cultural memory of the conquered people, to induce a collective amnesia about their past and supplant it with the culture of the colonizers. In this lie the roots of Filipino derivativeness and inferiority complex vis-à-vis the West.
• CONSEQUENCE/OUTCOME OF BEING COLONIZED

  Colonial mentality and inferiority complex made Filipino culture a subordinate of Western culture. We tend to look up to western culture and make it our standard. This practice alienated us more to our own culture