Chemistry 2.1 - Homologous Series

• Define hydrocarbon?

  A group of chemical compounds only containing hydrogen and carbon
• What are the three types of hydrocarbon?

  Alkanes, alkenes, cycloalkanes
• What are the alkane names?

  1. methane
  2. ethane
  3. propane
  4. butane
  5. pentane
  6. hexane
  7. heptane
  8. octane
  9. nonane
  10. decane
• What is a feature of an alkene?

  They have a double bond
• What alkane does not exist as an alkene?

  Methane
• Alkane general formula?

  CnH2n+2
• Alkene general formula?

  CnH2n
• What alkane do not exist as cycloalkanes?

  Methane and ethane
• Cycloalkane general formula?

  CnH2n
• A hydrocarbon is unsaturated if it has a double bond
• Saturated or unsaturated?

  Alkane = saturated

  Alkene = unsaturated

  Cycloalkane = saturated
• How do you test for an unsaturated hydrocarbon?

  Bromine test - Shake hydrocarbon with bromine. If it discolours the bromine, it is unsaturated
• What is it called when alkenes react with water?

  Hydration reaction
• What is it called when alkenes react with hydrogen?

  Hydrogenation
• What are the features of a homologous series?

  • Similar chemical properties
  • A trend in physical properties
  • The same general formula
• What is it called when an alkene reacts with a diatomic atom?

  Addition reaction
• Why do some molecules have a higher boiling point?

  Bigger molecules have stronger intermolecular forces, which means they have a higher boiling point
• Define isomer?

  Molecules with the same formula but different structure
• What is a methyl group?

  CH3
• What is an alkyne?

  A hydrocarbon with a triple bond between carbon atoms
• Alkyne general formula?

  CnH2n-2
• What is a cycloalkene?

  A cycloalkane but with a double bond
• Cycloalkene general formula?

  CnH2n-2
• What does dimethyl mean?

  Two methyl groups