Conw

• Regionalization


  The process of dividing an area into smaller segments called regions
• Globalization


  The process of international integration emerging from the interchange of world perspectives, products, ideas, and other aspects such as technology, economy, politics, education, health care, and others
• Regionalization


  Is a sort of counter-globalization
• Regionalism was created as a sort of counter-globalization
• Regional Organizations will always prefer regional partners over the rest of the world
• Differences between Globalization and Regionalization

  • Globalization promotes integration of economies across state borders all around the world
  • Regionalization divides an area into smaller segments
  • Globalization allows many corporations to trade on international level; it allows free market
  • Regionalization is more likely to develop monopolies
  • Globalization accelerates multiculturalism through free and inexpensive movement of people
  • Regionalization does not support multiculturalism
  • Globalized international communities are more willing to aid countries stricken by disasters
  • A regionalized area does not get involved in the affairs of other areas
  • Globalization has driven great advances in technology
  • Advanced technology is rarely available in one country or region
• The ASEAN (Association of Southeast Asian Nations) is a perfect example of a successful regional cooperation that responds to external pressures and common challenges

  
• Factors that brought Asian Regions into intensified integration

  • Trade
  • Similar culture
  • Common goals
  • Similar security needs

  
• Challenges of Regionalism


  • Resurgence of militant nationalism and populism
  • Continuing financial crisis
  • Conflict between sovereignty and regional stability
  • Differing visions of regionalism
• What makes Asian nations stronger than ever is the Establishment of collaborations and cooperation based on respect
• Five leaders of Southeast Asian Countries met together in the Department of Foreign Affairs building

  August 08, 1967
• The Philippines had a difficulty in letting some countries support its condemnation of China's occupation of the West Philippine Sea because China had given great investments and economic aid to these countries
• Regionalism


  • (for developed countries like the US) a tool for political democratization
  • (for developing countries) an obstacle to economic globalization because public inquiry slows down its implementations
• Five leaders of Southeast Asian Countries met together in the Department of Foreign Affairs building in Bangkok Thailand and signed the document where the "Association of Southeast Asian Nations" was born


  August 08, 1967

  
• ASEAN


  • Promoted economic growth, social progress and cultural development in the Southeast Asian region through multilateral cooperation
  • Pays full respect for sovereignty and independence of its members through consensus and consultation

  
• Tun Abdul Razak: '"We the nations and peoples of Southeast Asia must get together and form by ourselves a new perspective and a new framework for our region. It is important that individually and jointly we should create a deep awareness that we cannot survive for long as independent but isolated peoples unless we also think and act together and unless we prove by deeds that we belong to a family of Southeast Asian nations bound together by ties of friendship and goodwill and imbued with our own ideals and aspirations and determined to shape our own destiny"'

  
• ASEAN Community


  • Political Security Community
  • Economic Community
  • Socio-Cultural Community

  
• ASEAN Political Security Community


  • Gives importance to human rights, drugs, foreign relations, defense, law and transnational crimes
• ASEAN Economic Community


  • Adheres to significant roles of monitoring –economic ministers, finance ministers, central bank governors, free trade area, investment area, agriculture and forestry, transport ministers, telecommunications and information technology ministers, science and technology, energy, minerals, tourism, free trade agreements with dialogue partners and sectoral bodies

  
• ASEAN Socio-Cultural Community


  • Avenue for cooperation among the ministers responsible for culture and arts, sports, disaster management, education, environment, health, information, labour, rural development and poverty eradication, women, youth and civil service matters

  
• Five ministers who signed the ASEAN document

  • Adam Malik of Indonesia
  • Tun Abdul Razak of Malaysia
  • Narciso Ramos of Philippines
  • Sinnathamby Rajaratman of Singapore
  • Thanat Khoman of Thailand
• ASEAN Member Countries


  • Indonesia
  • Thailand
  • Malaysia
  • Singapore
  • Philippines
  • Vietnam
  • Cambodia
  • Brunei
  • Myanmar
  • Laos

  
• ASEAN Fundamental Principles


  • Mutual respect for the independence, sovereignty, equality, territorial integrity, and national identity of all nations
  • The right of every State to lead its national existence free from external interference, subversion or coercion
  • Non-interference in the internal affairs of one another
  • Settlement of differences or disputes by peaceful manner
  • Renunciation of the threat or use of force
  • Effective cooperation among themselves
• APEC is a regional forum established in 1989 to leverage the growing interdependence of the Asia-Pacific

  
• APEC


  Aims to create greater prosperity for the people of the region by promoting balanced, inclusive, sustainable, innovative and secure growth and by accelerating regional economic integration
• APEC


  • Ensures that goods, services, investment and people move easily across borders by facilitating trade through faster customs procedures at borders, more favourable business climates behind the border
• The East Asia Summit is a unique leaders-led forum of 18 countries of the Asia-Pacific region formed to further the objectives of regional peace, security and prosperity

  
• EAS Member Countries


  • Australia
  • China
  • India
  • Japan
  • Republic of Korea
  • Russian Federation
  • USA
• ASEAN has concretized regionalism in the Asian region by creating bilateral agreements with China, Japan and South Korea (APT (ASEAN +3))

  
• ASEAN Plus Three (APT) functions as a coordinator of cooperation between the Association of Southeast Asian Nation and the three East Asia nations of China, Japan, and South Korea

  
• Asian Regionalism


  • A new concept among the continental communities
  • New to cooperation and collaboration goals
  • 50-year-old ASEAN Group and the failed East Asia Economic group

  
• Asian economies are connected through

  • Trade
  • Investment
  • Production networks
  • People movement
• Asian regional groups are not problem-solving or law-enforcing mechanisms, but norm-making and socializing agents
• Asian regional institutions should widen their focus to embrace transnational issues and move beyond being forums for consultations and dialogue to become an instrument for problem solving

  
• Global


  Pertaining to the entire globe rather than a specific region or country. Often used interchangeably with the term international, with one exception being in regards to mutual funds among the countries.
• Interstate


  It is between the two or more states; between places or persons among the different states. Concerning or affecting two or more states politically or territorially.
• System


  A regular interacting group or interdependent group of items forming a unified whole.
• Global Interstate System is the whole system of human interactions. The modern world system is structured political as an interstate system. It is also a system of competing and allying states. Political scientist commonly calls this the international system, and it is the main focus of the field of international relations.
• The Modern World System

  • Followed the crisis of the feudal system in Europe and helps explain the rise of Western Europe to world supremacy between 1450 to 1670
  • World economic system emerged
  • Now a global economy with a global political system (the modern interstate system)
  • Structured politically as interstate system – a system of competing and allying states
  • A single global economy composed of international trade and capital flows, transnational corporations that produce products on several continents, as well as all the economic transactions that occur within countries and at local levels
  • Rise and fall of hegemonic powers
• Interstate System – it is fundamental basis of the competitive commodity economy at the global system level. It is also a system of international relations.