RNA

• What does rna stand for?

  Ribonucleic acid
• What are the three types of RNA?

  The three types of RNA are messenger RNA (mRNA), transfer RNA (tRNA), and ribosomal RNA (rRNA).
• What is RNA?


  Polymer of a nucleotide formed of a ribose, nitrogenous base and phosphate group.
• What are the nitrogenous bases in RNA?

  The nitrogenous bases in RNA are adenine (A), cytosine (C), guanine (G), and uracil (U).
• What’s the structure of RNA?

  Relitavely short polynucleotide chain and single stranded
• What’s the function of RNA?

  Copy and transfer the genetic code from DNA in the nucleus to the ribosome. Some RNA has proteins ti create ribosomes.
• What is messanger RNA (mRNA)?

  Copy of a gene from DNA. Created in the nucleus and it then leaves the nucleus to carry the copy of the genetic code of one gene to a ribosome in the cytoolasm. DNA is to big to come out of the nucleus and it would destroy the genetic code.
• Structure of mRNA?


  Short lived so it’s much shorter because it only the length of one gene. Single stranded and every 3 bases in the sequence code for a specific amino acid (codons)
• What is rRNA?


  Ribosomal RNA. Type of RNA that makes up the bulk of ribosomes. Combines with proteins to make ribosomes
• What is tRNA?


  Transfer RNA. Found in cytoplasm. Single stranded- folded to make shape like a clover leaf which is helf together by hydrogen bonds.
• Function of tRNA


  Attach to one of the 20 amino acids and transfer this to the ribosome to make a polypeptide chain. specific amino acids attach to specific tRNA molecules
• What’s an anticodon?


  3 bases found on the tRNA which are complementary to the 3 bases on mRNA (the codon)
• Differences between DNA and RNA monomers?

  dna base is thymine, rna base is uracil

  dna pentose sugar is deoxyribose and rna is ribose
• Differences between DNA and RNA polymers?

  DNA: large (23,000genes) and double stranded

  RNA: small (1 gene) and single stranded