Barcelona

• Location and background: Lies on the ............

  Mediterranean coast in northeast Spain, 125km from the French border
• Location and background: Barcelona is the capital of .............


  Barcelona province and the Spanish region of Catalonia
• Location and background: approx ..................

  1.6m inhabitants (3.8m in Greater Barcelona)
• Location and background: Spain's second largest city and its ...........

  principal industrial and commercial centre
• Location and background: proportion of Spain's exports that originate from Barcelona

  1/4
• Location and background: the main manufactured products are .........

  textiles, precision instruments, machinery, railway equipment, paper, glass and plastics
• Location and background: major tourist destination receiving ..........

  7 to 8m visitors/yr
• Historical context: originally ..............

  a Roman settlement
• Historical context: by the 15th century ..........


  maritime heritage was well established
• Historical context: 19th century .........


  industrialisation, cotton, cork, iron, steel, shipbuilding and wine
• Historical context: housing situation

  cramped, densely populated - contributed to poor health of their inhabitants
• Historical context: medieval walls

  knocked down, growth spread into the surrounding countryside
• Historical context: second half of the 19th century

  resurgence of support for all things Catalan
• Historical context: 1936


  Spanish Civil War

  Barcelona now a volatile centre of Republican opposition to the Nationalists led by General Franco
• Historical context: 1939


  Barcelona taken by Nationalists
• Historical context: architecture


  not maintained, city became run down
• Historical context: 1975


  Franco's death, scene set for Barcelona's renaissance
• Barcelona's rebranding: 1888 and 1929


  1888- Universal Exhibition was held

  
  

  1929- World Exhibition showcased Barcelona, attracting exhibitors and visitors from Europe, the USA, Latin America and the Far East

  
  

  both events designed to show off the city's contemporary architecture and the products of Catalan industry
• Barcelona's rebranding: end of the Franco regime


  gradually reclaimed more democratic rights and the ability to make decisions about the management of the city
• Barcelona's rebranding: 1980


  7 year regeneration plan started by the local authority

  --> focused on 140 small projects providing more piazzas and better housing, transport routes, schools and hospitals
• Role of sport: won the right to stage the .......

  1992 Olympic Games- major moment in Barcelona's rebranding

  - athlete's village located on the waterfront

  - used the games to generate city-wide redevelopment and to renovate rundown areas such as the harbour and beaches

  - a riverside park was created along with business and media parks + international conference centre
• Role of sport: used the Olympics as .......

  a catalyst for rebranding

  - was presented to Barcelona's inhabitants as a 'one city' exercise

  - intended to offer something to all the residents and tried to unite the city around a public project

  - decisions about Olympic developments were taken at all levels of the planning process- not just top-down

  - key part of reasserting Catalan pride and identity
• Role of sport: Barcelona Football Club

  - development of the club's stadium, the Nou Camp, into one of the world's greatest sporting venues capable of holding 98,000 spectators

  - has created another flagship location in the city
• Role of culture: Antoni Gaudi


  distinctive architecture gave Barcelona buildings that are recognised as World Heritage Sites by UNESCO
• Role of culture: the cathedral of ...........

  Sagrada Familia and the Casa Batllo are visited by thousands of tourists per yr
• Role of culture: the city used .........

  the Universal Forum of Cultures in 2004 to promote the regeneration and reimaging of the city
• Role of culture: refurbishment of .............


  public spaces and galleries gave further momentum to rebranding
• Role of culture: spaces used to promote the city as one of the most vibrant and creative places in Europe

  art galleries, museums, restaurants, cafes, architecture and public spaces
• Role of culture: La Rambla


  a tree-lined boulevard designed to attract locals and tourists to its shops, galleries, restaurants and bars
• Why the Raval needed rebranding: in Barcelona's inner city ............

  and used to be one of the most densely populated urban areas in the world
• Why the Raval needed rebranding: was where the .............

  textile industry, brick making, many abattoirs and the tanning industry were based --> polluting industries
• Why the Raval needed rebranding: workers in the nearby factories were housed in ...........

  tenement blocks
• Why the Raval needed rebranding: the area closest to the port ............

  Southern Raval, contained Barrio Chino or Chinatown where immigrants first settled on arrival in Barcelona
• Why the Raval needed rebranding: immigrants took advantage of ............

  the very cheap lodgings in the run-down tenements and the easy access to informal employment in and around the docks
• Why the Raval needed rebranding: the area had a reputation for ...........

  illicit activities such as organised and petty crime, prostitution and drug dealing
• Rebranding projects in the Raval: nature of rebranding has differed ..........

  between its northern and southern areas
• Rebranding projects in the Raval: in the north is a zone with ...........

  numerous flagship cultural buildings such as the Museum of Contemporary Art and the Contemporary Cultural Centre, both of which have international reputations
• Rebranding projects in the Raval: (in the north) a private ...........

  university has been constructed
• Rebranding projects in the Raval: (north) some streets house ........

  art galleries, coffee and wine bars, restaurants and high-quality food shops
• Rebranding projects in the Raval: (north) much of the change is associated with ...............

  gentrification as high socio-economic status people have moved in