PROPAGANDA

• French Invasion of 1808

  • Headed by Napoleaon Bonaparte
  • Introduction of liberal ideas
• Mexican independence in 1821

  – South American Spanish colonies fell into the hands of reformers and

  revolutionaries who declared the independence of these colonies
• In 1841, under the reign of Queen Isabela II, the

  Spanish government sent a diplomat, Sinibaldo

  de Mas to investigate on the condition of the

  Philippines.
• Sinibaldo De Mas

  • investigated the condition of the Philippines
  • Arrived in Manila in 1841
• Informe

  report of Sinibaldo De Mas
• Graciano Lopez-Jaena (1180)

  – Drew the ire of the friars when he wrote Fray Botod in which he pictured them as stout, figuratively meaning corrupt, abusive, and immoral.

  – Ex-seminarian from Seminario de Jaro

  – He studied medicine at Universidad de Valencia but transferred to Madrid.

  – Rather than studying medicine, he engaged in public speaking arguing among Spanish friars and politicians the need to reform the colony.
• Spolarium 1884

  • This painting won international recognition at a time when the reformists were firming up their reform-agenda but without a publication yet as planned.
• España Y Felipinas (Spain and Philippines)1886

  • This painting was done when Juan was under commission from Ayuntamiento de Manila.
• España Guiando a Filipinas (Spain leading the

  Philippines), the painting characterizes the reform

  agenda of the propaganda movement. Juan drew

  this painting while shuttling on two cities, Paris and

  Madrid to finish several commissioned works. This

  piece was painted at a time when the reform

  movement was at its organization stage.
• El Pacto Sangre (The Sacred Pact or The Blood Compact) 1886

  • This painting was done during the organization stage of the propaganda movement.
• La Batalla de Lepanto (The Battle of Lepanto) 1887

  • This piece was done within the year that Rizal published his Noli Me Tangere.
• Interior d’Un Café (Inside a Café or The Parisian Life) 1892

  • Also titled Inside a Café, was painted when Juan Luna settled in Paris at a time when disarray had rocked the propaganda movement and Rizal had bolted out of La Solidaridad.