Module 3 Presentations

• GREENHOUSE EFFECT is the warming of the climate of Earth attributed to the increased concentration of carbon dioxide and other gaseous pollutants in the atmosphere.
• Methane burp is the melting of the methane hydrates in permafrost and on the sea floor
• ENVIRONMENTAL DEGRADATION occurs when pollutants are released into the atmosphere, causing harm to ecosystems, soil health,

  water systems, and biodiversity.
• AIR POLLUTION arises from emissions from diverse sources such as

  vehicles, industries, and power plants, yielding harmful

  substances like particulate matter, nitrogen oxides, sulfur

  dioxide, volatile organic compounds, and greenhouse

  gases. Human exposure to such pollution can cause health

  problems.
• ACIDIFICATION is caused by sulfur dioxide and nitrogen oxide emissions, increases soil acidity, affecting aquatic ecosystems, forests, and freshwater environments, thereby impacting biodiversity and ecosystem functioning.
• CLIMATE CHANGE is caused by the accumulation of greenhouse gases,

  leads to global warming, melting ice caps, rising sea levels, and more extreme weather events. Human activities such as burning fossil fuels and deforestation contribute to these effects
• EMISSION MONITORING accurately measures and tracks emissions and

  identify areas for reduction and detects real-time emissions from sources and provide data for analysis by management systems.
• GAIT delivers Greenhouse Gas Measurement offers climate tech solutions that facilitate the deployment of GHG measurement systems. It combines machine learning, flux sensors, and spatial data to deliver real-time measurements of greenhouse gas emissions.
• Blue Sky advances Fugitive Methane Emission Detection which develops an infrared optical sensor technology for the continuous detection and measurement of fugitive methane emissions.
• Food production is responsible for one-quarter of the world’s greenhouse gas emissions.
• Energy Efficiency is the usage of total serviceable unit of energy into desired output effectively - no energy utilization into non-desirable output i.e. heat.
• Energy Efficiency Integration is the application of concepts and methodologies on reduction of waste or consumption of energy through technology innovations, efficient utilization of resources, and reduction or switching to alternative energy consumption practices.
• Methods of Integrating Energy-Efficient Integration:

  • Capturing and reusing energy - Reuse discarded heat for other processes
  • Optimizing industrial processes - Minimize energy wastage and cut down on emissions
• Natural Gas Processing is a range of industrial processes designed to purify raw natural gas by removing contaminants to produce pipeline quality dry natural gas for pipeline distribution and final use.
• Sapphire Technologies’ FreeSpin® In-line Turboexpander

  (FIT) Generator uses advanced magnetic technologies that

  help reduce gas pressure and provide a way to capture the

  energy lost in pressure reduction
• Orbray - EHIoT - Energy Harvesting for a Wireless IoT Future generates electricity from movement. Light. Heat. Radio

  waves. Vibrations. We are surrounded by small packets of

  energy in our everyday lives. These packets of energy can be

  captured and put to use through a technology called energy

  harvesting. Orbray has developed a complete line-up of

  energy harvesters to convert the vibrational energy all

  around
• Material Science - Maxwell™ is a patented engineered suspension of submicron Aluminum Oxide (Al2O3) particles in a base fluid, either

  water (W) or water with propylene/ethelyene glycol (PG/EG)
• Nostromo Energy - IceBrick Technology is a behind the meter solution for optimizing cooling systems using IceBrick technology.
• HVAC (Heating Ventilation and air conditioning) is used to describe a

  complete home comfort system that can be used to heat and cool your home, as well as provide improved indoor air quality.
• Heat Exchanger are devices that transfer heat between two fluids, in this case, coolant and air, separated by a solid barrier.
• Green hydrogen (GH2) is a term used to refer to hydrogen generated through the electrolysis of water using renewable energy. Hydrogen energy is color-coded within the industry to differentiate between the different types. Green hydrogen is believed to be the “cleanest” method of producing hydrogen.
• Green hydrogen is more expensive to produce and is extremely volatile and flammable
• Carbon capture, utilization, and storage (CCUS) is a process of capturing carbon dioxide emissions from various sources, such as coal-fired power plants or industrial facilities, which use either fossil fuels or biomass as fuel.
• Carbon dioxide is captured from power plants, industrial facilities, and other CO2 sources and transported to the storage facility via pipes, trucks, and even ships. The CO2 is either being stored by injecting it into the reservoir of rock formation few kilometers below and unstored CO2 is transformed into useful chemicals and fuels.
• The term "valorization" comes from the Latin word "valor" which

  means "value" or "worth." In the context of waste valorization, it

  refers to the process of adding value to waste materials by converting

  them into useful products or resources.
• Waste valorization is the process of converting waste materials into

  valuable products or resources. This approach involves identifying

  opportunities to extract useful materials, energy, or other benefits

  from waste streams, rather than simply disposing of them.
• Integrated Waste Treatment Plants (IWTPs) utilizes advanced waste treatment processes such as biomimicry and anaerobic co-digestion to efficiently convert organic waste into useful byproducts like biogas and biochar.
• Pyrolysis Technology for Plastic Waste Conversion involves heating plastic waste in the absence of oxygen to break it down into smaller molecules, which can then be used as a low-carbon substitute for diesel fuel.
• Electrification aids in emission reduction by replacing traditional

  fossil fuel-powered energy sources with clean, electric energy sources such as wind and solar power.
• Fleet Electrification: US-based startup Zevx develops battery electric power systems and data intelligence for e-mobility applications. The

  startup’s powertrains and power system products accelerate the electrification of commercial fleet assets.
• Seamless Energy Transition: US-based startup Leaf Energy offers electrification solutions like electric vehicles (EVs) and charging stations. The startup’s technology provides high-speed charging through its proprietary terminal designs that are compatible with existing grid networks.
• Carbon offsetting is an action or activity that compensates for the emission of carbon dioxide or other greenhouse gases into the atmosphere.
• First, they calculate the amount of GHG, typically measured in carbon dioxide equivalent (CO2e), emitted by a particular activity, process, or organization. This could include emissions from transportation, energy

  consumption, industrial processes, or other sources. Investments lead to the purchase of offset tokens which facilitates the funding of projects that reduce or remove an equivalent amount of carbon emissions.
• Carbon offsetting allows net-positive emitters to neutralize their greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions by trading negative carbon credits. The purchase of offset tokens facilitates the funding of initiatives that

  reduce carbon emissions, such as reforestation projects.
• Big data analytics is the use of advanced analytic

  techniques against very large, diverse big data sets

  that include structured, semi-structured, and

  unstructured data, from different sources, and in

  different sizes from terabytes to zettabytes.
• BIG DATA ANALYTICS involves the collection, processing, and analysis

  of large volumes of data related to environmental factors such as carbon emissions, weather patterns, energy consumption, and more. It is used to gain insights into patterns and trends that can inform decisions aimed at reducing carbon emissions and mitigating climate

  change.
• Big data analytics can also be used to develop and

  implement strategies for reducing emissions in

  smart cities. For example, data analytics can be

  used to identify and prioritize actions that are most

  likely to have the greatest impact on emissions

  reduction, and to monitor the effectiveness of

  these actions over time.
• Biodiesel is a renewable fuel made from organic materials such

  as vegetable oils or animal fats, typically used as a

  substitute for or additive to conventional diesel fuel.
• Bioethanol is a type of alcohol fuel produced from crops such as corn, sugarcane, or switchgrass and offers potential

  carbon emission reductions compared to fossil

  fuels, primarily because the plants used in its

  production absorb carbon dioxide during growth.
• Biopolymers are a class of polymers derived from

  renewable biological sources such as plants,

  animals, or microorganisms. They offer significant

  potential for reducing carbon emissions

  compared to traditional petroleum-based

  polymers.