English-word formation processes

• Clipping - It is the process of

  forming a new word

  by clipping off part

  of an existing word.
• Final or Back Clipping - Back clipping is when the back half of

  the word is deleted
• Initial or Fore Clipping - Deleting the beginning of a word
• Compound Clipping - Involves clipping more than one word to form a

  new word

  Sci-Fi (Science Fiction)

  sitcom (situation comedy)
• Mid Clipping - When the beginning and end of a word is

  clipped to form a new word.
• Blending - it is formed by

  combining two

  separate words with

  different meanings to

  form a new one.

  example: Camcorder

  (camera+recorder)
• Acronyms - are words

  formed by the word

  formation process in

  which an initialism is

  pronounced as a

  word

  Example:

  DOLE

  Department of Labor and

  Employment

  RADAR

  Radio Detection and Ranging
• Abbreviation - It is a shortened form of a word or phrase, such

  as Mr. for Mister, or hr.

  for hour that is still said

  as the full word or

  words.

  Example:

  St. (street)

  Ave.(Avenue)

  Mon. Tues. Jan. Feb.

  Ex. (Example)

  Vs. (Versus)
• Compounding - Are words formed when two or more lexemes combine into a single new word. Compound words may be written as one word or as two joined with a hyphen.
• Compositional - The meaning of the new word

  is determined by combining

  meanings of the parts. Example: blueberry
• Non-Compositional: The meaning of the new word

  cannot be determined by

  combining the meaning of the

  parts.

  Example: breakup
• Folk Etymology - It refers to the changing of a

  word or a phrase over time

  which results from the

  replacement of an unfamiliar

  from by a more familiar one.
• Salary - It comes from Latin salarium, meaning “salt

  money”
• Borrowing - It refers to taking words

  from other languages. It can

  be taken from other

  languages to English or from

  English to other language
• Affixes - is a process which involves

  adding bound morphemes to

  roots which results in a

  newly-created derivative