Sports injury prevention

• A hazard is something with the potential to cause harm or injury
• A risk refers to the likelihood of a hazard causing harm to persons or damage to property.
• An accident may be described as a result of a chain of events in which something has gone wrong, resulting in an undesired conclusion.
• Any damage to your body is an injury. Injuries can be caused by accidents or acts of violence, and may occur at home, work, or play.
• UNSAFE ACT

  Performance of a task or other activity that is conducted in a manner that may threaten the health and/or safety of an individual.
• The unsafe condition is a hazardous physical condition or circumstance which could directly permit the occurrence of an accident.
• RISK MANAGEMENT

  A risk assessment refers to a careful examination of the factors that could possibly cause harm to personal safety or health.
• RISK CONTROL

  It is essential for risks to be controlled. This is usually by elimination or reduction “at source”. If a risk cannot be controlled completely by engineering measures, it is necessary to protect the athletes/players by administrative control or personal protection.
• Risk evaluation is the process of estimating the risk levels of the identified hazards and if the risks can be accepted. This is used as a basis for prioritizing actions to control identified hazards and thereby, minimizing safety and health risks.
• Sports injury - injuries that most commonly occur during sports or exercises
• Dislocation - joint displaced
• Bruise - soft tissue injury
• Sprain - overstretched ligament
• Fracture - cracked or broken bone
• Concussion - injury to the brain
• Acute injuries - occur when there is sudden stress on the body
• Chronic injuries are caused by continuous stress on a body part over a long time
• R - rest

  i - ice

  c - compression

  e - elevation
• H - heat

  a - alcohol

  r - running

  m - massage
• Hard tissue injuries are bone injuries
• Soft tissue injuries involve damage to skin, muscles, tendons, ligaments or cartilage.
• Open injury- means that the skin has been broken - blood usually escapes
• Closed injury - occurs beneath the skin, there is no external bleeding
• Concussion is a cause of unconsciousness while playing sport
• D r a b c management

  danger

  response

  airway

  breathing

  circulation
• Dehydration

  when we exercise, especially in hot condition, the body loses water as a result of sweating

  if the performer does not re-hydrate by drinking lots of water, they may suffer from dehydration
• Injury diagnosis

  talk

  observe

  touch

  active movements

  passive movements

  skills test
• Safety measures in sports

  -wear protective gear

  -warm up and cooldown

  -know the rules of the game

  -watch out for others

  -dont play when you’re injured
• Causes of sports injuries

  -improper or poor training practices

  -wearing improper sporting gear

  -being in poor health condition

  -incorrect warm up or stretching practices before a sporting event or exercise

  -dehydration, heat stroke, hyperthermia and frostbite due to changes in temperature

  -difficulty breathing in places with high pollen counts and poor air quality.
• 9 pulse locations

  Temporal artery (temporal)

  Carotid artery (neck)

  Apical/apex pulse (heart)

  Brachial (inside the elbow)

  Radial artery (wrist)

  Femoral (the groin)

  Popliteal artery (behind the knee)

  Posterior tibial artery/dorsi (foot)

  Ulnar pulse (little finger)