Unit 3: Chapter 2 - Lecture 1

• what is life?


  life can be described as an inordinately, complex unsolved puzzle
• biologists define life as?

  all the diverse organisms descended from a single-celled ancestor that evolved almost 4 billion years ago and shared common characteristics
• What are the 7 characteristics of life?

  •Order

  •Reproduction

  •Growth and Development

  •Energy Processing

  •Response to the Environment

  •Regulation

  •Evolutionary Adaptation
• What is order?

  cell structure formed from specific molecular patterns
• What is reproduction?

  formation of new individuals
• What is growth and development?

  Increased in size and figure
• What is energy processing?

  chemical and physical changes taking place in an organism
• What is regulation?

  maintenance of nearly constant condition within an organism
• what is response to the enviroment?

  react to a stimulus that results to movement
• what is evolutionary adaptation?

  a process in which organisms slowly or rapidly becomes better suited to its environment to survive
• Spontaneous generations states that?

  Living things originated spontaneously from non-living matter.
• Primordial Soup believes that?

  amino acids, organic compounds = gases in earth's atmosphere + chemical reactions caused by heat, lightning, and sunlight
• An enormous organic molecule is essential for all living things, including?

  carbohydrates, proteins, lipids, and nucleic acids
• What are the three subtypes of carbohydrates?

  monosaccharides, disacchharides, and polysaccharides
• Proteins are made up of?

  amino acids and can function as enzymes or hormones
• What is lipids?

  includes a diverse group of compounds such as fats, oils, waxes, phospholipids, and steroids
• Nucleic acids are classified into two, what are those?

  Deoxyribonucleic Acid (DNA) and Ribonucleic Acid (RNA)
• in living organisms such as humans, biomolecules are made up of four elements, what are those?

  carbon, oxygen, hydrogen, and nitrogen
• It is an essential component of a cell that can perform a wide variety of functions, what is this?

  Biomolecules
• What is this?

  Genetic expression in living organism

  
• What is the process after the replication of DNA?

  DNA transcription to RNA
• What is the process after the transcription of RNA?

  RNA translation to Proteins
• In what process does the protein link become established?

  The modern gene
• What are responsible for storing, transmitting, and utilizing genetic information?

  DNA and RNA
• What is genetic expression?

  it involves DNA replication, transcription, synthesis of RNA, and translation or protein synthesis
• When did life started on earth?

  3.5 to 4 billion years ago
• How did Charles Darwin define biological evolution?

  descent with modification
• What are the three unifying principles of evolution?

  nature, perpetual change, and adaptation
• What are the three categories of the domain of life?

  bacteria, archaea, and eukarya
• Recently, Taxonomists proposed a modification of the classification of life. What are those?

  2 - superkingdoms

  7 - kingdoms

  96 - phyla

  352 - classes

  1469 - orders
• Who said state that ''The origin of life appears to be almost a miracle?''

  Francis Crick