R&W

• A person’s purpose is his ground for why he does something.
• For literary purposes: poetry, essays, short stories, dialogues, blogs, novels, comics, song lyrics, and plays.
• For academic purposes: academic essays, reaction/reflection papers, review papers, critique/position papers, journal articles, research papers/action researches, and thesis.
• For professional purposes: reports, accounts, memorandums, correspondences, summaries, manuals, certificates, and forms.
• Review paper aims on providing a brief recap or summary of a subject matter or a text read. It presents the readers with a “review” and highlights the necessary information present in the original text or the topic. A review serves as a synthesis of a source materials .
• A book review looks into a book and analyzes its content, style, and literary value.
• The body of a book review can also be written in two ways: (1) A holistic review and (2) A chapter-by-chapter review.
• An article review is a more formal version of a literature review for it tackles academic articles rather than literary selections. It briefly summarizes journal articles in print or online and analytically critiques its content according to its educational contribution.
• The conventional format for writing an article review is done in paragraphs and is composed of three parts: (1) Introduction , (2) Body , and (3) Conclusion.
• A proposal aims to forward an outline of an event or project that you intend to carry out. It also seeks approval from the right personnel and tells them what the project is, why it is important, and how it will be carried out.
• A project proposal is also called a concept paper.
• A research report essentially presents a research, discovery, or breakthrough in the academic or corporate world. Often it deals with topics surrounding the fields of natural sciences, liberal arts, political science, technology, and engineering.
• Parts of a Project Proposal: 1. Project Title , 2. Objectives, 3. Methods, 4. Resources Needed , 5. Contact
• Parts of a Research Report : 1. Title, 2. Abstract , 3. Introduction, 4. Methodology, 5. Results, 6. Conclusions , 7. Literature Cited
• A position paper is written for the intention of presenting a personal but objective stand on an issue.
• Inductive reasoning starts with specific details. Numerous claims and reasoning are presented first, and after synthesizing them, that is the time that the author can state his claim.
• Deductive reasoning starts with general ideas to reach specific conclusions. The writer’s claim is presented first followed by the claims supporting and confirming that above-stated assertion.
• Approaches in Critiquing a book or literary work:

  1. The book vs. itself
  2. The book vs. its author
  3. The book vs. another book
  4. The book vs. the society where it belongs
• Evidences that you can include in your text:

  1. Facts
  2. Statistics
  3. Experiences
  4. Valid Opinion
• In order for a position paper to be convincing and for it to achieve its purpose, it has to have the following components:

  1. A well-defined issue
  2. A clear personal position about the issue
  3. A convincing argument
  4. A reasonable tone