media, popular culture, globalisation

• globalisation


  the increasing interconnectedness of countries
• cultural imperialism


  processes that lead to the western world dominating the rest of the world

  americanisation
• global conglomerates


  process of global imperialism

  companies that combine various businesses and operate internationally
• McBride


  western-created media changes the culture and values of countries elsewhere
• advertising


  process of cultural imperialism

  global conglomerates pay for expensive marketing which dominate what the world sees
• cocacolonisation


  describes the way American movies and music helped to fuel the sale of Coca Cola around the world
• ritzier


  mcdonaldisation

  concept that suggests world is becoming more McDonalds: low-skilled and standardised
• cultural homogenisation


  process of cultural imperialism

  idea that local cultures are killed off by globalisation and the world becomes the same
• cultural hybridisation


  have more positive view on globalisation - hyper globalists

  globalisation has led to cultural diversity
• cultural divergence


  It occurs when cultures become more different from other cultures.
• cultural convergence


  cultures becoming more alike/ standardised
• economic globalisation


  • globalisation of trade, production and consumption
  • decline in manufacturing jobs as has moved to other countries e.g china
  • growth of online retailing - allow consumers to shop global products e.g amazon, shein
  • a03- can lead to fast fashion, child labour, exploitation of workers
• cultural globalisation


  refers to the increasingly rapid spread of ideas and values around the globe.
• marxist view on globalisation

  • only provides opportunities for upper classes
  • globalisation has only amplified dominant ideologies - spreading it not only nationally but globally (cultural imperialism)
  • e.g pop culture being mainly from western cultures
  • media transmits dominant western ideology and consumerism
• neoliberal view on globalisation

  • state should have reduced role in providing education
  • allows global corporations to provide more education
  • International league tables promote competition worldwide
• political globalisation

  • global threats require political cooperation from nations
  • e.g use of media to transmit message during the global pandemic in 2019 - dealing with the crisis, making comparisons on how other nations dealt with pandemic
  • use of new media allows governments to spread propaganda
  • e.g media reporting on global conflicts - Russia and Ukraine
• bell


  argues power of global media enables messages to spread rapidly
• postmodernists view on globalisation

  • Post-modernists argue that the media, and the popular culture that it generates, shape our identities and lifestyles today much more than traditional influences such as family, community, social class, gender, nation or ethnicity.
  • see the global media as beneficial because it is primarily responsible for diffusing different cultural styles around the world and creating new global hybrid styles in fashion, music, consumption and lifestyle.
• pluralist view on globalisation

  • take on hyper globalist views
  • suggest that globalisation creates greater diversity of opinion and cultures
• Harvey - candy floss culture

  • cultural pessimist view
  • digital television may have dramatically increased the number of channels for viewers to choose from, but this has led to a dumbing down of popular culture
  • increasing tv culture transmits candy floss culture that speaks to everyone in general but no in particular
• cultural pessimists view on globalisation

  • argue that increased choice of media delivery systems and particularly the digitalisation of television, has led to a decline in the quality of popular culture.
• Baudrillard

  • more pessimistic postmodernist
  • leads to media saturation
  • audiences are bombarded with overwhelming amount of messages
  • leads to audiences struggling to distinguish fact and fiction