ac2.1 forms of social control

Cards (22)

  • internal forms
    regulating yourself
    -Rational Ideology.
    - Tradition.
    - Internalisation of social rules and morality.
  • formal social control

    carried out by authorised organisations
    e.g police, courts, employers
  • informal social control
    carried out by society
    no official laws in place
    enforce norms and values
    e.g teachers, school-hidden curriculum, media, peers
  • rational ideology
    set of beliefs that guide our decision making
    your conscience, feelings of guilt anxiety guide you
  • Clark and Cornish
    rational choice theory
    criminal commit acts on purpose for their own benefit
  • tradition
    your own customs/norms that ensure you conform to society
    e.g religion- 10 commandments, culture
  • internalisation of social rules and morality
    working out what is the right and wrong thing to do based upon social values
    e.g waiting in a queue
  • external forms of social control

    external pressure that make us conform
    coercion, fear of punishment
  • coercion
    use of force to get someone to obey
    e.g physical restraint, powers of arrest and search, plea bargaining
  • fear of punishment
    fear that one will get in trouble if they do something
    acts as a deterrence
  • individual deterrence
    aimed at preventing future crimes by a particular offender.
    e.g suspended sentence, community sentence
  • general deterrence
    preventing crime among the general population
    e.g three strikes and your out
  • control theory
    theory that tries to explain why people do not commit crimes
  • walker reckless
    argued one version of the control theory, containment
    argued we can resist committing crimes due to inner and outer containment
  • inner containment
    containment the comes from our upbringing e.g family
  • outer containment
    containment that comes from influence of social groups
  • hirschi
    argued that people must form social bonds to prevent criminal behaviour
    4 bonds: attachment, commitment, involvement, beliefs
  • attachment
    Hirschi social bonds
    to avoid crime, person needs positive attachment e.g friends, family
  • commitment
    hirschi social bonds
    if person has ambition to achieve future goals then less likely to commit crimes
    sugarman- future time orientation
  • involvement
    hirschi social bonds
    people involved in social activities/ more involved in community less likely to commit crime
  • beliefs
    hirschis social bond
    people who believe in society values e.g honesty, loyalty, understanding crime is wrong
  • social control
    • refers to techniques and strategies for preventing criminal behaviour in society.