illovehistry

• Prehistory


  The period of human history before the invention of writing systems
• History


  The study of humans in the past, what they did and what happened to them

  
• Chronology


  The study of the sequence of events in history

  
• Human Evolution

  The process by which humans developed from earlier forms of life

  
• State


  A political organization with a centralized government that maintains a monopoly on the legitimate use of force within a certain territory
• Prehistory


  The study of the distant past before people developed the art of writing
• Historians


  People who study and write about the human past
• History began about 5,500 years ago when people first began to write
• Archaeologists and Anthropologists


  Have worked to find clues about early human life
• History


  Deals with human interaction, the growth of civilizations, the invention of new technology, man's relationship with the environment
• History is about providing an interpretation of what happened, why it happened, and how it happened based on sources

  
• Historical fact


  Information or statement about the past that is known or proven to be true
• Opinion


  What a writer believes based on their viewpoint
• Distinguishing between fact and opinion is one of the most important skills you can learn from studying history
• Historiography


  Studies how knowledge of the past is attained and transmitted
• Ancient Greek historians


  • Herodotus
  • Thucydides
• Leopold Von Ranke


  Established History as an independent discipline and is considered the "father of modern historiography"
• Ethiopia had an indigenous tradition of history writing and History emerged as an academic discipline in the 1960s
• Historical interpretation


  The process by which we describe, analyse, evaluate, and create an explanation of past events
• Primary sources


  Original materials that have direct relations to the events they describe
• Primary sources


  • Monuments, tools, ornaments, artifacts, written materials, photographs, maps, video and audiovisual materials
• Secondary sources


  Sources that contain information derived from primary sources
• Secondary sources


  • Articles, books, textbooks, biographies, oral traditions, published stories or movies
• Primary sources have to be verified for originality and authenticity, and secondary sources have to be examined for the reliability of their reconstructions
• Dating in history


  Figures or numerical statements that express the time of historical events or processes

  
• Decade


  A period of ten years
• Century


  One hundred years
• Millennium


  A thousand years
• Gregorian calendar


  Time is counted forward and backwards from the time of the birth of Jesus Christ
• Ethiopian calendar


  Lags 7 or 8 years behind the Gregorian calendar
• Islamic calendar


  Follows the event called the Hijra to count time forwards and backwards
• Timeline


  A graphic representation of events in chronological order or periods of history

  
• Periodisation


  Organising the human past into separate periods after identifying significant developments and giving a label to each period
• History is conventionally divided into ancient, medieval and modern history
• Hominid family


  The family to which humans belong, characterised by bipedalism (walking on two feet with an upright position)
• Earliest hominid found in Ethiopia


  • Discovered at Aramis in the Middle Awash of the Afar Regional State, dated to around 4.4 million years ago

  
• Australopithecus afarensis


  • A fossil species that followed the earliest hominid found in Ethiopia

  
• Lucy


  • The oldest complete human skeleton found in Ethiopia in 1974

  
• Three different species that belong to the genus Homo

  • Homo habilis
  • Homo erectus
  • Homo sapiens
• Homo habilis


  • The oldest human being, fossils found in the Omo valley in Ethiopia