topic 3

• Angina pectoris - chest pain resulting from reduced blood flow

  to the heart
• Aortic stenosis - a murmuring sound produced when the aortic

  leaflets fail to fully open during systole
• Congestive heart failure - a chronic progressive condition that

  affects the pumping power of the heart muscles
• Bacterial endocarditis - an infection that happens when a

  bacteria enters and resides in the heart lining or blood vessel
• Myocardial infarction - known as heart attack, it is caused by a

  decrease or full stoppage of blood flow that damages the heart

  muscle
• Pericarditis - inflammation of the pericardial sac that may be due

  to viral infection
• Arteriosclerosis - hardening of the artery wall due to aging
• Aneurysm - enlargement of the artery due to the weakening of the

  artery wall
• Atherosclerosis - formation of plaques in the inner walls
• Embolism - clot or bubble that causes obstruction of an artery
• Embolus - obstruction that is carried and lodged in a vessel
• Phlebitis - inflammation of the veins particularly the wall
• Thrombophlebitis - swelling of the veins of the legs that usually

  occurs during pregnancy
• Thrombus - blood clot that impedes blood flow
• Varicose veins - usually found in the legs, these are veins that have

  been twisted and enlarged
• Anemia - caused by not having enough healthy red blood cells

  or hemoglobin
• Leukemia - cancer of the blood; the formation of abnormal tissues

  or cells in the bone marrow or the lymphatic system
• Leukocytosis - increased number of white blood cells in the blood

  due to illness or infection
• Leukopenia - reduced number of white cells in the blood
• Polycythemia - the marrow produces too many red blood cells

  resulting in the thickening of blood
• Thrombocytopenia - characterized by low platelet count
• Lymphadenitis - refers to the inflammation of the lymph nodes
• Lymphadenopathy - also called adenopathy, a disease in which there

  is abnormality in the size or number of lymph nodes
• Splenomegaly - enlargement of the spleen
• Lymphosarcoma - a type of cancer that develops from lymphocytes
• Lymphoma - cancer of the lymphatic system that begins in the

  lymphocytes
• Disseminated intravascular coagulation occurs when the formation

  of small clots blocks the small blood vessels.
• Hemophilia is a disorder involving the lack of sufficient blood-

  clotting proteins.
• Thrombocytopenia is a condition characterized by abnormally low

  levels of platelets in the blood.