c4

• SOLUTION

  is a homogenous mixture of two

  or more substances
• PROPERTIES OF

  SOLUTION

  Particles of

  solutions are

  too tiny to be

  seen in the

  naked eye

  Unlike colloids,

  solutions do not

  scatter light

  Solutions

  cannot be

  filtered.
• COMPONENTS OF

  SOLUTION

  SOLUTE

  SOLVENT
• SOLVENT

  substance present in

  larger amounts
• SOLUTE

  substance present in

  smaller amounts
• AQUEOUS

  SOLUTION

  solutions where the

  solvent is water
• Solution can be classified according to:

  o state of solvent

  o can be solid, liquid, or gas

  o the final of the solution is often the same as the state of the solvent which can be classified into liquid, solid, and gaseous.
• SOLUTION PROCESS:

  SOLUBLE - Solid substance

  that dissolves

  completely in a

  given solvent

  MISCIBLE - Two liquids that

  completely mix

  in each other *ACETIC ACID = (CH3COOH)
• INSOLUBLE

  Solids in liquids

  IMMISCIBLE

  Liquids in liquids
• Margarine insoluble in water

  Oil is immiscible in water
• THE SOLUTION PROCESS

  What happens

  when a solute

  dissolves in a

  solvent?

  Solute and solvent

  are held together

  by intermolecular

  attractions
• • This attraction between the water molecules and the ions of NaCl

  crystals weakens the ionic bond.

  • The crystals become eventually surrounded by water molecules
• Three Types of Interactions

  1. Solvent-solvent interaction
  2. Solute - solute interaction
  3. Solvent - solute interaction
• EXOTHERMIC - The solution process is favored if the solvent-solute

  interaction overcomes the solvent-solvent interaction

  and solute-solute interaction. ( solvent - solute interaction )
• ENDOTHERMIC - If the solute-solvent interaction is weaker than the

  solvent-solvent interaction and the solute-solute

  interaction ( solute - solute & solvent - solvent )